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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Apr 29.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Pharm Des. 2012;18(24):3595–3611.

Figure 6.

Figure 6

The function of methionine sulfoxide reductase (Msr) in the redox network of Schistosoma mansoni. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can convert methionine (the free amino acid as shown here or in a protein) to methionine sulfoxide. This may lead to inactivation of protein function. Reduction of methionine sulfoxide and reactivation of the protein and prevention of higher oxidation states of methionine can be carried out by Msr using reduced thioredoxin (Trx(red)) as the electron donor producing oxidized thioredoxin (Trx(ox)). Reduction of Trx(ox) by thioredoxin glutathione reductase (TGR) is accompanied by the consumption of NADPH.