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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Methods. 2012 Nov 12;18(1):1–14. doi: 10.1037/a0030639

Table 6.

Comparative Fit of Models with Different Covariance Structures for Family Effects over Time on Child Externalizing Behavior

Stable Dynamic


Intercept Intercept + Slope CS AR
Parameters 8 10 9 9
Model 1: Includes Age Trends Only
−2LL 4850.2 4845.0 4847.6 4825.9
AIC 4866.2 4865.0 4865.6 4843.9
BIC 4895.3 4901.3 4898.3 4876.6
Model 2: Includes Age and Child- and Family-Level Predictors
−2LL 4753.5 4748.9 4752.0 4736.5
AIC 4769.5 4768.9 4770.0 4754.5
BIC 4798.6 4805.2 4802.7 4787.2

Note: Parameters refers to the number of unique variance/covariance parameters estimated in the model, −2LL is the log-likelihood of the model multiplied by a factor of −2 (i.e., the model deviance), AIC is Akaike’s Information Criterion, BIC is Bayes’ Information Criterion. Bolded entries indicate best fit. Covariance structures were specified as defined in Table 1: CS = compound symmetric, AR = first-order autoregressive.