Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the CALICO cohort by Race/Ethnicity*.
| Characteristic | White (n=6334) | Black (n=655) | Hispanic (n=1917) | Asian/Pacific Islander (n=612) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 64.8 ± 16.7 | 57.6 ± 17.2 | 57.1 ± 18.5 | 63.3 ± 17.1 | <0.001 |
| Male | 3291 (52.3) | 320 (49.0) | 1062 (55.5) | 341 (56.1) | 0.006 |
| APACHE IV probability of death, Median (IQR)† | 0.06 (0.02 to 0.18) | 0.06 (0.02 to 0.19) | 0.06 (0.02 to 0.19) | 0.08 (0.03 to 0.23) | 0.0046 |
| Acute Physiology Score, Median (IQR)† | 37 (25 to 56) | 41 (27 to 63) | 39 (26 to 60) | 39 (25 to 61) | <0.001 |
| Comorbid conditions | <0.001 | ||||
| None | 5551 (87.6) | 577 (88.1) | 1611 (84.0) | 521 (85.1) | |
| Cirrhosis | 112 (1.8) | 8 (1.2) | 88 (4.6)) | 14 (2.3) | |
| Immunosuppression | 261 (4.1) | 25 (3.8) | 75 (3.9) | 17 (2.8) | |
| Metastatic Cancer | 236 (3.7) | 15 (2.3) | 58 (3.0) | 38 (6.2) | |
| Lymphoma | 46 (0.7) | 3 (0.5) | 24 (1.3) | 5 (0.8) | |
| Hepatic Failure | 58 (0.9) | 5 (0.8) | 40 (2.1) | 8 (1.3) | |
| AIDS | 20 (0.3) | 18 (2.8) | 8 (0.4) | 2 (0.3) | |
| Leukemia | 50 (0.8) | 4 (0.6) | 13 (0.7) | 7 (1.1) | |
| Medical/Operative Status | <0.001 | ||||
| Medical Admission | 4800 (75.8) | 555 (84.7) | 1554 (81.1) | 488 (79.7) | |
| Elective Surgery | 1257 (19.9) | 77 (11.8) | 275 (14.4) | 101 (16.5) | |
| Emergency Surgery | 277 (4.4) | 23 (3.5) | 88 (4.6) | 23 (3.8) | |
| Expected source of payment | <0.001 | ||||
| Medicare | 3513 (55.5) | 270 (41.2) | 764 (39.9) | 240 (39.2) | |
| Medicaid | 612 (9.7) | 145 (22.1) | 543 (28.3) | 185 (30.2) | |
| Private | 1798 (28.4) | 169 (25.8) | 357 (18.6) | 127 (20.8) | |
| Other | 411 (6.5) | 71 (10.8) | 253 (13.2) | 60 (9.8) | |
| Full Code at Admission | 5971 (94.3) | 636 (97.1) | 1858 (96.9) | 583 (95.3) | <0.001 |
| AHRQ SES index score‡ | 48.6 (3.7) | 46.9 (4.1) | 45.1 (4.3) | 48.5 (4.0) | <0.001 |
| Discharge Disposition | <0.001 | ||||
| Home | 4352 (68.7) | 454 (69.3) | 1292 (67.4) | 437 (71.4) | |
| Long-term acute care | 415 (6.6) | 40 (6.1) | 89 (4.6) | 22 (3.6) | |
| Skilled nursing facility | 811 (12.8) | 83 (12.7) | 142 (7.4) | 102 (8.3) | |
| Other | 756 (11.9) | 78 (11.9) | 394 (20.1) | 102 (16.7) |
*
Values are mean ± SD or n (%), unless otherwise indicated.
†
APACHE IV® predicted mortality and APS were measured at ICU admission.
‡
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Socioeconomic Status index score