Table 3.

Studies of mortality within 30 days after the surgical lung biopsy procedure

Study	Patients	Type of biopsy	Number of biopsies/Period	Mortality 30 days (90 days)	Risk factors
Utz et al., Eur Respir J 2001	IPF = 46	OLB 73%	No of biopsies not described	- 16.7% in total population	- 4/10 had AE-IPF before SLB
	CTD-UIP = 14	VATS 27%	1986-1995	- All IPF	- Lower DLCO
				- 21.7% in IPF
Lettieri et al., Chest 2005	IPF = 42	OLB (no?)	No of biopsies not described	- 4.8%	- Mechanical ventilation
	Non-IPF = 41	VATS (no?)	1996-2002	(5/6%)	- Immunologic treatment
				- No difference IPF vs non-IPF, VATS vs OLB
Tiitto et al., Chest 2005	IPF = 64	OLB n = 42	1	- OLB 5.3%	- OLB
	CTD-UIP = 12	VATS n = 34	1973-2002	- VATS 0%
Park et al., Eur J Cardio-Thorac Surg 2007	IPF = 140	OLB n = 50	2-3	- 4%	- AE-IPF
	NSIP = 46	VATS n = 150	1990-2003	(8%)	- DLCO < 50%
	COP = 14
	No ICU patients
Sigurdsson et al., Ann Thorac Surg 2009	UIP = 23	OLB n = 45	1: 70%	- 3%	- No data of different ILDs
	OP = 17	VATS n = 28	2: 20%	(4%)
	NSIP = 6		1986-2007	- No difference OLB vs VATS
	Others = 27
Fibla et al., Int J Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2012	IPF = 122	OLB 10%	1: 16%	VATS 9%	- Age > 67
	COP = 31	VATS 90%	2: 64%	OLB 10.6%	- OLB
	RBILD = 16		3: 59%		- Immunologic treatment
	NSIP = 13		4: 1%		- No data of different ILDs
	Others = 114		2002-2009
	6% in ICU

Abbreviations:

AE-IPF acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

COP cryptogenic organizing pneumonia.

CTD-ILD connective tissue associated interstitial lung disease.

DLCO diffusion capacity.

ILD interstitial lung disease.

ICU intensive care unit.

IPF idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

NSIP nonspecific interstitial pneumonia.

OLB open lung thoracotomy.

RBILD respiratory bronchiolitis and interstitial lung disease.

SLB surgical lung biopsy.

VATS video-assisted thoracoscopic operation.