Table 7.
Aerosol anthrax spore LD50s for laboratory animals and humans
| Species | Route | Strain(s) | LD50 | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guinea pig | Intramuscular injection | Ames | 1.0 × 102 | 65 |
| Guinea pig | Intranasal instillation | Ames | 6.0 × 105 | 47 |
| Guinea pig | Whole-body aerosol exposure | NH-6, Vollum 1B | 6.5 × 102–7.0 × 104 | 48 |
| Guinea pig | Nose-only aerosol exposure | Ames | 5.0 × 104 | This study |
| Rabbit | Muzzle | Ames | 1.1 × 105 | 8 |
| Common marmoset | Head-only aerosol exposure | Ames | 1.5 × 103 | 24 |
| Cynomolgus macaque | Head-only aerosol exposure | Ames | 6.2 × 104 | 15 |
| Rhesus macaque | Head-only aerosol exposure | Ames | 5.5 × 104 | 13 |
| Human (estimates) | Aerosol | —a | 2.0 × 103–5.5 × 104 | 49–52 |
a
—, Modeling is based in part on the isolate from the 1979 accidental spore release in Sverdlovsk, USSR.