Figure 3.
Nonparametric multilevel latent Markov modeling path diagram with J latent health states (J = 4). The within-household model (level 1) is similar to the model in Figure 2 with 3 observed categorical indicators and 4 measurement time points; the 3 single filled circles at the bottom of each of the 4 Ct latent categorical variables represent the random means for the within-household latent health states (there are J − 1 random means). These random means are referred to as C1 # 1 …. C4 # 3 in the between-household model (level 2), and they vary across level 2 between households (cluster level) latent classes (labeled Cb in the above diagram). PCR, polymerase chain reaction; TF, trachomatous inflammation, follicular; TI, trachomatous inflammation, intense.