Table 3.
Patient characteristics of smokers by Country, CV ASPIRE study, Europe, 2011
| Characteristic | Greece (N=571) | Italy (N=443) | Netherlands (N=425) | Total (N=1439) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age, years (age range) |
55.6 (39–91) |
58.2 (39–85) |
59.2 (40–85) |
57.4 (39–91) |
| Gender, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| Male |
352 (61.5%) |
263 (58.8%) |
199 (46.7%) |
814 (56.3%) |
| Female |
220 (38.5%) |
184 (41.2%) |
227 (53.3%) |
631 (43.7%) |
| Mean BMI, kg/m2 (range) |
27.6 (12–54) |
26.0 (17–43) |
27.5 (16–54) |
27.1 (12–54) |
| Primary reason for seeking medical advice, n (%) | ||||
| General medical examination |
319 (57.2%) |
249 (27.1%) |
64 (16.1%) |
629 (45.3%) |
| Cardiovascular related |
68 (12.2%) |
31 (7.2%) |
126 (31.7%) |
225 (16.2%) |
| Psychiatric related |
15 (2.7%) |
14 (3.2%) |
20 (5.0%) |
49 (3.5%) |
| Pulmonary related |
49 (8.8%) |
21 (4.9%) |
52 (13.1%) |
122 (8.8%) |
| Gastrointestinal related |
34 (6.1%) |
34 (7.9%) |
12 (3.0%) |
80 (5.8%) |
| Metabolic related |
46 (8.2%) |
29 (6.7%) |
37 (9.3%) |
112 (8.1%) |
| Prescription |
22 (3.9%) |
6 (1.4%) |
1 (0.3%) |
29 (2.1%) |
| Other |
12 (2.2%) |
57 (13.2%) |
89 (22.4%) |
158 (11.4%) |
| Lipid levels |
|
|
|
|
| Mean total cholesterol, mmol/L (SD) |
5.7 (1.19) |
5.4 (1.27) |
5.2 (1.19) |
5.5 (1.24) |
| Mean HDL cholesterol, mmol/L (SD) |
1.3 (0.38) |
1.3 (0.37) |
1.3 (0.59) |
1.3 (0.45) |
| Mean LDL cholesterol, mmol/L (SD) |
3.7 (1.05) |
3.3 (0.89) |
3.2 (1.10) |
3.4 (1.04) |
| Blood pressure |
|
|
|
|
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg (SD) |
135.5 (18.65) |
130.9 (14.59) |
140.4 (17.42) |
135.5 (17.50) |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg (SD) |
82.5 (9.70) |
78.7 (8.24) |
83.2 (10.63) |
81.6 (9.75) |
| Medical history, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| Cardiovascular diseases |
97 (17.0%) |
69 (15.6%) |
137 (32.2%) |
303 (21.1%) |
| Diabetes |
100 (17.5%) |
74 (16.7%) |
130 (30.6%) |
304 (21.1%) |
| Hypertension |
353 (61.8%) |
192 (43.3%) |
238 (56.0%) |
783 (54.4%) |
| Hypercholesterolemia |
372 (65.1%) |
161 (36.3%) |
193 (45.4%) |
726 (50.5%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
81 (14.2%) |
88 (19.9%) |
114 (26.8%) |
283 (19.7%) |
| Currently treated with medication (yes), n (%) | ||||
| Diabetes |
88 (15.4%) |
65 (14.7%) |
107 (25.2%) |
260 (18.1%) |
| Hypertension |
280 (49.0%) |
184 (41.5%) |
205 (48.2%) |
669 (46.5%) |
| Hypercholesterolemia |
240 (42.0%) |
97 (21.9%) |
153 (36.0%) |
490 (34.1%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
48 (8.4%) |
49 (11.1%) |
86 (20.2%) |
183 (12.7%) |
| Family medical history, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| Cardiovascular diseases |
205 (35.9%) |
100 (22.6%) |
129 (30.4%) |
434 (30.2%) |
| Diabetes |
168 (29.4%) |
77 (17.4%) |
91 (21.4%) |
336 (23.3%) |
| Hypertension |
280 (49.0%) |
138 (31.2%) |
107 (25.2%) |
525 (36.5%) |
| Hypercholesterolemia |
205 (35.9%) |
76 (17.2%) |
70 (16.5%) |
351 (24.4%) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
66 (11.6%) |
23 (5.2%) |
59 (13.9%) |
148 (10.3%) |
| Number of medical conditions, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| No conditions |
105 (18.4%) |
145 (32.7%) |
75 (17.6%) |
325 (22.6%) |
| 1 condition |
136 (23.8%) |
126 (28.4%) |
107 (25.2) |
369 (25.6%) |
| 2 condition |
181 (31.7%) |
96 (21.7%) |
100 (23.5%) |
377 (26.2%) |
| 3 condition |
100 (17.5%) |
43 (9.7%) |
81 (19.1%) |
224 (15.6%) |
| 4 condition |
40 (7.0%) |
28 (6.3%) |
48 (11.3%) |
116 (8.1%) |
| 5 condition |
9 (1.6%) |
5 (1.1%) |
14 (3.3%) |
28 (1.9%) |
| Other disorder characteristics, n (%) |
|
|
|
|
| Persistent chronic cough |
214 (37.6%) |
138 (31.7%) |
121 (28.5%) |
473 (33.1%) |
| Excess mucous and phlegm |
115 (20.3%) |
64 (14.7%) |
101 (23.8%) |
280 (19.6%) |
| Shortness of breath |
217 (38.2%) |
104 (23.9%) |
106 (25.0%) |
427 (29.9%) |
| Wheezing | 95 (16.8%) | 45 (10.3%) | 67 (15.8%) | 207 (14.5%) |