Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and intraoperative characteristics of patients according to the category of red blood cell transfusion
| Variable |
Unit of RBC |
|
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| None (N = 199) | 1–3 units (N = 241) | >3 units (N = 62) | P | |
| Gender (Female) |
49 (24.6%) |
114 (47.3%) |
29 (46.8%) |
<0.001 |
| Age (≥65 years) |
57 (28.6%) |
107 (44.4%) |
30 (48.4%) |
0.001 |
| Redo surgery |
3 (1.5%) |
7 (2.9%) |
14 (22.6%) |
<0.001 |
| EuroSCORE |
|
|
|
|
| <3 |
126 (63.3%) |
146 (60.6%) |
35 (56.5%) |
<0.001 |
| 3–5 |
63 (31.7%) |
78 (32.4%) |
18 (29%) |
|
| >5 |
10 (5%) |
17 (7.1%) |
9 (14.5%) |
|
| Left ventricular ejection fraction (%) |
|
|
|
|
| <40 |
29 (14.6%) |
31 (12.9%) |
9 (14.5%) |
0.738 |
| 40–59 |
53 (26.6%) |
78 (32.4%) |
20 (32.3%) |
|
| ≥60 |
117 (58.8%) |
132 (54.8%) |
33 (53.2%) |
|
| Previous myocardial infarction |
72 (36.2%) |
80 (33.5%) |
23 (37.7%) |
0.755 |
| Hypertension |
159 (79.9%) |
183 (75.9%) |
51 (82.3%) |
0.435 |
| Diabetes |
62 (31.2%) |
75 (31.4%) |
28 (45.9%) |
0.075 |
| Renal disease |
15 (7.5%) |
25 (10.7%) |
12 (20.3%) |
0.019 |
| Unstable Angina |
60 (30.2%) |
74 (30.7%) |
21 (33.9%) |
0.855 |
| Liberal RBC transfusion strategy |
58 (29.1%) |
147 (61%) |
48 (77.4%) |
<0.001 |
| Procedure |
|
|
|
|
| CABG |
126 (63.3%) |
146 (60.6%) |
35 (56.5%) |
0.164 |
| Valve |
63 (31.7%) |
78 (32.4%) |
18 (29%) |
|
| CABG + valve |
10 (5%) |
17 (7.1%) |
9 (14.5%) |
|
| Cardiopulmonary bypass (>100 min) |
59 (29.8%) |
86 (35.8%) |
27 (43.5%) |
0.112 |
| Initial hemoglobin (<13 g/dL) |
64 (32.7%) |
173 (72.7%) |
51 (82.3%) |
<0.001 |
| Initial hematocrit (<39%) |
45 (23%) |
151 (63.4%) |
47 (75.8%) |
<0.001 |
| Initial lactate (≥2 mmol/L) |
55 (27.8%) |
56 (23.5%) |
10 (16.1%) |
0.163 |
| Initial SvcO2 (≥65%) | 143 (87.2%) | 163 (80.7%) | 46 (83.6%) | 0.248 |
Abbreviations: RBC, red blood cell transfusion;EuroSCORE, European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; Redo, previous cardiac surgery, CABG, coronary artery bypass surgery; SvcO2, central venous oxygen saturation; min: minutes; Initial = samples collected after the induction of anesthesia.