Table 6.
Serum lipid and glucose concentrations before and at the end of Ramadan, M ± SD
| Group |
Ramadan effect |
Group effect |
Ramadan × group effect |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F(1,14) | P-value | ηp2 | F(1,14) | P-value | ηp2 | F(1,14) | P-value | ηp2 | ||||
| TG (mmol•l-1) |
FAST |
0.73 ± 0.16 |
0.75 ± 0.15 |
1.37 |
0.26 |
0.08 |
0.02 |
0.89 |
0.001 |
0.29 |
0.59 |
0.02 |
| [CV = 2.7%] a |
FED |
0.74 ± 0.11 |
0.75 ± 0.11 |
|||||||||
| TC (mmol•l-1) |
FAST |
3.82 ± 0.34 |
3.87 ± 0.35 |
0.006 |
0.94 |
0 |
0.45 |
0.51 |
0.03 |
0.023 |
0.2 |
0.11 |
| [CV = 3%] |
FED |
3.98 ± 0.34 |
3.93 ± 0.35 |
|||||||||
| HDL-C (mmol•l-1) |
FAST |
1.11 ± 0.26 |
1.24 ± 0.20* |
23.87 |
<0.001 |
0.62 |
0.1 |
0.75 |
0.01 |
0.02 |
0.9 |
0.01 |
| [CV = 3.1%] |
FED |
1.15 ± 0.16 |
1.26 ± 0.18* |
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| LDL-C (mmol•l-1) |
FAST |
2.37 ± 0.3 |
2.29 ± 0.26 |
0.05 |
0.82 |
0.003 |
1.92 |
0.19 |
0.12 |
0.07 |
0.08 |
0.19 |
| FED |
2.49 ± 0.37 |
2.6 ± 0.38 |
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| TC: HDL-C |
FAST |
3.58 ± 0.82 |
3.18 ± 0.44 |
17.52 |
<0.001 |
0.55 |
0.02 |
0.89 |
0 |
0.02 |
0.9 |
0.001 |
| FED |
3.53 ± 0.59 |
3.15 ± 0.43 |
||||||||||
| LDL-C: HDL-C |
FAST |
2.44 ± 0.79 |
2.05 ± 0.43 |
9.06 |
0.009 |
0.39 |
0.08 |
0.78 |
0.01 |
1.9 |
0.19 |
0.11 |
| FED |
2.39 ± 0.57 |
2.34 ± 0.41 |
||||||||||
| Glucose (mmol•l-1) |
FAST |
4.97 ± 0.53 |
4.88 ± 0.58 |
1.71 |
0.21 |
0.1 |
0.78 |
0.39 |
0.05 |
0.044 |
0.83 |
0.03 |
| [CV = 2.1%] | FED | 4.77 ± 0.37 | 4.66 ± 0.47 | |||||||||
Significantly different from before Ramadan: * (P < 0.05). Note: FAST = subjects training in a fasted state; FED = subjects training in a fed state; a = inter-assay coefficient of variance. TG = triglycerides; TC = total cholesterol; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Before Ramadan (Bef-R) = 2 days before beginning the fast; end of Ramadan (End-R) = 29 days after beginning the fast.