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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2008 Jun 18;17(1):107–113. doi: 10.1016/j.joca.2008.05.009

Fig. 5. The accumulation of apoptotic chondrocytes in cultures obtained from OA patients and normal donors following exposure to ROS or RNS.

Fig. 5

Twenty four hours following exposure to increasing concentrations of xanthine oxidase or peroxynitrite, cells were washed three times with PBS and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. The fixed cells were washed again with PBS and stained with 1 µg/ml DAPI. Stained cells were examined by fluorescent microscopy to identify apoptotic cells. To evaluate the percentage of apoptotic cells, 6–7 fields from each experimental condition were viewed in a blinded fashion until a total of 500 cells were observed. The results were obtained from a minimum of 6 independent experiments, and the values represent the mean percentage of apoptotic cells ± SEM. * indicates a significant difference (P<0.05) in the percentage of apoptotic cells in cultures from OA patients compared to normal donors. Note the increased in apoptosis in OA chondrocytes following exposure to both genotoxins.