TABLE 3.
Perchlorate dose-response in humans exposed therapeutically, occupationally, in clinical studies, or environmentally via drinking water
| Effect/endpoint | Daily dose | Body-weight adjusted daily dose* |
|---|---|---|
| Fatal hemotoxicity (aplastic anemia) | 1000–2000 mg | 15–30 mg/kg |
| Nonfatal hemotoxicity (blood dyscrasias, including agranulocytosis) |
600–1000 mg | 8.5–14 mg/kg |
| 400 mg agranulocytosis | 5.7 mg/kg | |
| Therapeutic effect range for amiodarone treatment | 1000 mg start followed by 100 mg | 12.8 mg/kg then 1.4 mg/kg |
| Pharmacological effect range (normalization of tyroid function in hyperthyroid patients) |
200–1000 mg | 2.8–14 mg/kg |
| Calculated safe occupational average (BMDL) | 50 mg | 0.7 mg/kg |
| Demonstrated safe occupational average† | Per shift average | Per shift average |
| 2.5 mg1 | 0.036 mg/kg1 | |
| 34 mg2 | 0.48 mg/kg2 | |
| No-effect level for TSH elevation in newborns‡ (environmental level 5–25 ppb) |
Amount in 2L drinking water | 2.9 µg/kg3 |
| 200 µg3 | 0.29 µg/kg4 | |
| 20 µg4 |
*
Based on a 70-kg adult.
†
No-effect level for tests of thyroid function in occupationally exposed.
‡
Exposed in utero via maternal consumption of drinking water. TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone.