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. 2013 Feb 20;5(2):376–395. doi: 10.3390/toxins5020376

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© 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).

PMC Copyright notice

High performance liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) patterns (top) of fractions from the toxins contained in the ribbon worm, Cephalothrix simula, in an activated charcoal column chromatography. The bottom patterns represent the distribution of toxicity in HPLC chromatograms, as estimated by mouse bioassay. (A): fraction II bound on activated charcoal column; (B): fraction I unbound on activated charcoal column; (C): TTX standards; TDA (tetrodonic acid), TTX (tetrodotoxin), 4epi-TTX (4epi-tetrodotoxin) and 4,9-anhyTTX (4,9-anhydrotetrodotoxin); (D) Distribution of toxicity in the chromatograms of (A) and (B).