Table 1.
Toxicity of ribbon worms collected from Akkeshi Bay, Hokkaido.
| Ribbon worms | Date of | No. of | Weight (g) | Toxicity (MU/g ) | HPLC-FLD | GC-MS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| collection | specimens | (Mean ± S.D.) | (Mean ± S.D.) | TTX | 4epi-TTX | 4,9-anhyTTX | ||
| Nemertellina yamaokai | 30 July 2000 | 16 | 0.04 *1 | ND | − | − | − | − |
| Micrura akkeshiensis | 30 July 2000 | 3 | 0.02 *1 | ND | *2 | *2 | *2 | − |
| Malacobdella japonica | 30 July 2000 | 3 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | ND | − | − | ± | − |
| Tetrastemma nigrifrons | 30 July 2000 | 3 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | ND | − | − | − | − |
| Tetrastemma stimpsoni | 30 July 2000 | 5 | 0.02 *1 | ND | *2 | *2 | *2 | *2 |
| Amphiporus sp. | 30 July 2000 | 2 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | ND | + | − | − | − |
| Lineus bilineatus | 30 July 2000 | 12 | 0.03 *1 | ND | − | − | − | − |
| Cephalothrix simula | 30 July 2000 | 3 | 0.12 ± 0.06 | 1223 ± 97 | + | ± | + | + |
| Lineus torquatus | 30 July 2000 | 1 | 4.23 | ND | + | ± | + | + |
| Lineus alborostratus | 30 July 2000 | 1 | 1.81 | ND | + | + | + | + |
| Cephalothrix simula | 9 April 2008 | 6 | 0.17 ± 0.11 | 2958 ± 2483 | + | + | + | + |
| 1 July 2008 | 11 | 0.42 ± 0.22 | 1226 ± 614 | + | + | + | + | |
| 18 October 2008 | 8 | 0.29 ± 0.21 | 1683 ± 2220 | + | + | + | + | |
| 11 January 2009 | 11 | 0.21 ± 0.11 | 579 ± 343 | + | + | + | + | |
*1: combined specimen; *2: not tested; ND: not detected; +: Clearly detected; ±: Difficult to detect; −: Not detected.