Table 1.
Demographics on all patients receiving NIV for the first time at a university hospital in Denmark in 2005–2007
| Nonsurvivors | Survivors | |
|---|---|---|
| Time to death (days) | Observation time (days) | |
| 183 (0; 13; 774; 2224)* | 2155 (1369; 1782; 2441; 3017)* | |
| Patients, n (male/female) | 198 (90/108) | 55 (19/36) |
| Age (years)* | 74 (46; 67; 80; 90) | 66 (24; 58; 72.5; 91)** |
| COPD confirmed/+probable, n (%) | 135/169 (68.2/85.4) | 47 (85.5) |
| Documented spirometry, n (%) | 112 (83.0)*** | 32 (68.1)*** |
| FEV1% of expected (median)* | 27 (8; 19; 34; 64) | 30 (14; 21; 41; 65) |
| Ordination of “not-to-intubate,” n (%) | 26 (13.1) | 0 |
| NIV as weaning after ICU, n (%) | 8 (4.0) | 5 (9.0) |
| pH at NIV initiation (median)* | 7.26 (7.07; 7.21; 7.29; 7.43) | 7.24 (7.11; 7.18; 7.28; 7.42) |
| pCO2 at NIV initiation, kPa (median)* | 10.3 (6.1; 9.0; 12.1; 18.4) | 9.7 (6.0; 8.8; 11.9; 20.3) |
| Acute respiratory failure due to | ||
| • Congestive heart failure, n (%) | • 13 (6.6) | • 0 |
| • Thoracic malignancy, n (%) | • 3 (1.5) | • 0 |
| • Hypoventilation, n (%) | • 4¶ (2.0) | • 8¶¶ (14.5) |
| • Lung fibrosis, n (%) | • 7 (3.5) | • 0 |
| • Pneumonia, n (%) | • 2 (1.0) | • 0 |
Notes:
*
(min; 25th percentile; 75th percentile; max);
**
P < 0.001 (two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum test);
***
of confirmed COPD;
¶
(Pickwick 2, muscle dystrophia 1, kyphosis 1);
¶¶
(Pickwick 3, kyphosis 1, cerebral paresis 1, benzodiazepine overdose 3).
Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; n, number; NIV, noninvasive ventilation.