Table 1.

Demographic and clinical characteristics of our cohort (N= 20)

Mean age (months)	3.7 ±1.4; range 1.5–7
Mean weight (Kg)	5.5 ±1.6; range 2.8–10
Mean PRISM III scores	8.5 ± 3.9; range 3–18
Diagnosis: TOF (+ pulmonary stenosis)       VSD &VSD/PFO       ASD/VSD       CAVC       Combination of 2 or more       Other	n = 7 n = 5 n = 3 n = 1 n = 2 n = 2
Mean morphine dose mg/kg/dose	0.05; range 0.0–0.2 (median 0.05)
Mean midazolam dose mg/kg/dose	0.04; range 0.0–0.1 (median 0.05)
Mean time from surgery at noxious procedure	32.9 hours; range 16–96 (median 24.5)
Location of chest drain	Midline (n= 16) Right (n= 4)
Type of chest drain	Chest tube (n = 2); Blake drain (n = 18)
Mean maximum pain score in last 24h (n = 18)	4.5/10; range 0–7

PRISM III: Pediatric RISk of Mortality; TOF: Tetralogy of Fallot; VSD: Ventricular septal defect; ASD: Atrial septal defect; PFO: Patent foramen ovale; PDA: Patent ductus arteriosis; CAVC: Complete Atrioventricular Canal; Combination: VSD/ASD/PDA, CAVC/TOF; Other: Aortic root aneurysm, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, Transitional AV canal; pain score was taken from patients’ charts.