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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Adolesc Health. 2008 Jun 5;43(4):341–348. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.02.018

Table 3.

Propensity Score Analysis of the Effect of Making a Virginity Pledge at T1 on Intercourse Initiation (N= 1105), Noncoital Sexual Behavior (N = 579), and Less Than Consistent Condom Use (N= 484) at T3

Intercourse initiation Noncoital sexual behaviorcd Less than consistent condom usee
Predictor variable b SE p b SE p b SE p
Virginity pledgea −.50 .22 .02 −.36 .23 .11 −.40 .34 .25
Covariates
 Age, y .10 .11 .36 .10 .09 .24 .58 .14 <.001
 Femalea .40 .26 .12 .04 .26 .88 1.21 .41 .003
 Race/ethnicityb
  African Americana .85 .52 .10 −.08 .46 .87 .35 .55 .53
  Hispanica −.29 .52 .58 −.43 .42 .30 −.51 .88 .56
  Othera 1.39 .45 .001 −.18 .63 .77 −.57 .69 .41
Lives with both parentsa −.11 .35 .76 .09 .33 .79 −.73 .44 .10
Has at least one older siblinga −.19 .27 .48 .35 .25 .15 .53 .36 .15
Parent education −.16 .08 .04 −.01 .08 .92 .13 .12 .28
Parental monitoring −.31 .22 .14 .17 .24 .48 .03 .31 .93
Perceives parent disapproval of sexa 1.47 1.09 .18 −.71 1.27 .58 1.34 .87 .12
Has mostly older friends a .20 .31 .53 −.45 .40 .26 −.18 .48 .72
Religiosity −.21 .20 .30 −.13 .24 .59 .39 .30 .21
Sensation-seeking −.20 .12 .10 −.24 .11 .04 −.15 .20 .46
Deviant behavior .14 .08 .11 −.10 .10 .33 . 00 .09 .96
Self-esteem .05 .26 .86 −.19 .26 .46 −.12 .42 .78
Perceived prevalence of sex among peers .34 .25 .17 −.19 .21 .37 −.22 .24 .35
Perceived peer approval of sex .29 .12 .02 .05 .14 .71 .62 .18 <.001
Participation in activities or clubs −.04 .37 .79 −.11 .13 .41 −.09 .16 .60
Intention to marry before age 22a −.03 .37 .93 .45 .36 .21 .95 .51 .06
Intention to have children before age 22 a .33 .56 .56 −.14 .85 .87 1.37 .81 .09
Low sex self-efficacy −.52 .21 .01 −.07 .18 .70 .58 .29 .05
Sexual knowledge .04 .13 .75 −.03 .12 .79 −.02 .26 .95
Positive sex expectancies .20 .20 .32 .40 .22 .07 −.31 .29 .28
Perceived risk of unprotected sex .43 .24 .07 .06 .25 .80 .50 .38 .18

Note. All predictor variables measured at T1.

a

Dichotomous predictor

b

The comparison group was non-Hispanic white.

c

Among those not initiating intercourse

d

Controls for level of noncoital sexual behavior at T1

e

Among those initiating intercourse