Table 2. Detection of TBEV in ticks in the Baltic countries.
| I. ricinus | I. persulcatus | |||||||||||||
| Location | No. adults infected/tested (MIR%)* | 95% CI‡ | No. nymphs infected/tested (MIR%/) | 95% CI | Total no. ticks infected/tested (MIR%) | 95% CI | No. adults infected/tested (MIR%) | 95% CI | No. nymphs infected/tested (MIR%) | 95% CI | Total no. ticks infected/tested (MIR %) | 95% CI | Total no. ticks infected/tested (MIR%) | 95% CI |
| Estonia | ||||||||||||||
| Laeva | 0/47 | - | 2/43 (4.65) | 0.81–17.05 | 2/90 (2.22) | 0.39–8.55 | 5/166 (3.01) | 1.11–7.26 | 9/160 (5.63) | 2.77–10.74 | 14/326 (4.30) | 2.46–7.26 | 16/416(3.85) | 2.29–6.31 |
| Järvselja | - | - | 1/32 (3.13) | 0.16–18.01 | 1/32 (3.13) | 0.16–18.01 | 12/225 (5.33) | 2.91–9.36 | 4/178 (2.24) | 0.72–6.03 | 16/403 (3.97) | 2.36–6.5 | 17/435(3.91) | 2.37–6.31 |
| Oonurme | 0/10 | - | 0/21 | - | 0/31 | - | 10/191 (5.24) | 2.69–9.7 | 0/20 | - | 10/211 (4.74) | 2.43–8.8 | 10/242(4.13) | 2.11–7.69 |
| K-Nõmme | 1/194 (0.52) | 0.03–3.2 | 1/200 (0.50) | 0.03–3.18 | 2/394 (0.51) | 0.09–2.03 | 0/6 | - | - | - | 2/400 (0.50) | 0.09–2 | ||
| Puhtu | 0/200 | 1/305 (0.33) | 0.02–2.1 | 1/505 (0.20) | 0.01–1.28 | - | - | - | - | 1/505 (0.20) | 0.01–1.28 | |||
| Are | 2/202 (0.99) | 0.17–3.91 | 0/230 | - | 2/432 (0.46) | 0.08–1.84 | - | - | - | - | 2/432 (0.46) | 0.08–1.84 | ||
| Andineme | 1/204 (0.49) | 0.03–3.12 | 0/215 | - | 1/419 (0.24) | 0.01–1.54 | - | - | - | - | 1/419 (0.24) | 0.01–1.54 | ||
| Saaremaa island | 1/314 (0.32) | 0.02–2.04 | - | - | 1/314 (0.32) | 0.02–2.04 | - | - | - | - | 1/314 (0.32) | 0.02–2.04 | ||
| Muhu island | 1/124 (0.81) | 0.04–5.08 | - | - | 1/124 (0.81) | 0.04–5.08 | - | - | - | - | 1/124 (0.81) | 0.04–5.08 | ||
| Total | 6/1295(0.46) | 0.19–1.06 | 5/1046 (0.48) | 0.18–1.18 | 11/2341 (0.46) a | 0.25–0.87 | 27/588 (4.60) | 3.1–6.7 | 13/358 (3.63) | 2.03–6.28 | 40/946 (4.23) b | 3.08–5.77 | 51/3287 (1.55) | 1.17–2.05 |
| Latvia | ||||||||||||||
| Kraslava | 0/206 | - | 0/221 | - | 0/427 | - | 0/4 | - | 0/5 | - | 0/9 | - | 0/436 | - |
| Madona | 0/30 | - | 1/117 (0.84) | 0.04–5.36 | 1/147 (0.68) | 0.04–4.3 | 4/166 (2.41) | 0.77–6.45 | 1/112 (0.89) | 0.05–5.59 | 5/278 (1.8) | 0.6–4.39 | 6/425 (1.41) | 0.57–3.2% |
| Jelgava | 20/361 (5.54) | 3.5–8.57 | 1/318 (0.31) | 0.02–2.01 | 21/679(3.09) | 1.97–4.77 | - | - | - | 21/679(3.09) | 1.97–4.77 | |||
| Tukums | 4/304 (1.31) | 0.4–3.57 | 6/705 (0.85) | 0.3–1.94 | 10/1009 (0.99) | 0.5–1.88 | - | - | - | 10/1009 (0.99) | 0.5–1.88 | |||
| Saldus | 2/154 (1.30) | 0.2–5.1 | 0/137 | - | 2/291 (0.69) | 0.12–2.74 | - | - | - | 2/291 (0.69) | 0.12–2.74 | |||
| Riga | 4/301 (1.33) | 0.4–3.6 | 0/501 | - | 4/802 (0.50) | 0.16–1.37 | - | - | - | 4/802 (0.50) | 0.16–1.37 | |||
| Liepaja | 0/100 | - | 1/357 (0.28) | 0.01–1.8 | 1/457 (0.22) | 0.01–1.41 | - | - | - | 1/457 (0.22) | 0.01–1.41 | |||
| Total | 30/1456 (2.06) a | 1.42–2.97 | 9/2356(0.38)b | 0.19–0.76 | 39/3812 (1.02) | 0.74–1.41 | 4/170 (2.35) | 0.75–6.3 | 1/117 (0.85) | 0.04–5.36 | 5/287 (1.74) | 0.64–4.25% | 44/4099 (1.07) | 0.79–1.45 |
| Lithuania | ||||||||||||||
| Utena | 0/280 | - | 1/275 (0.36) | 0.2–2.32 | 1/555 (0.18) | 0.01–1.16 | - | - | - | 1/555 (0.18) | 0.01–1.16 | |||
| Radviliskis | 3/190 (1.58) | 0.41–4.92 | 2/275 (0.73) | 0.13–2.89 | 5/465 (1.07) | 0.4–2.65 | - | - | - | 5/465 (1.07) | 0.4–2.65 | |||
| Klaipeda | 0/280 | - | 0/275 | - | 0/555 | - | - | - | - | 0/555 | - | |||
| Kedainiai | 0/170 | - | 0/245 | - | 0/415 | - | - | - | - | 0/415 | - | |||
| Total | 3/920(0.32) | 0.09–1.04 | 3/1070 (0.28) | 0.07–0.89 | 6/1990 (0.30) | 0.12–0.69 | - | - | - | 6/1990(0.30) | 0.12–0.69 | |||
| Poland | ||||||||||||||
| Jakubin | 0/560 | - | 5/640 (0.78) | 0.29–1.92 | 5/1200 (0.42) | 0.16–1.03 | - | - | - | 5/1200(0.42) | 0.16–1.03 | |||
| Bialowieza | 1/560 (0.18) | 0.01–1.15 | 2/645 (0.31) | 0.05–1.24 | 3/1205 (0.24) | 0.06–0.79 | - | - | - | 3/1205(0.24) | 0.06–0.79 | |||
| Dowspuda | 2/625 (0.32) | 0.06–1.28 | 0/540 | - | 2/1165 (0.17) | 0.03–0.69 | - | - | - | 2/1165(0.17) | 0.03–0.69 | |||
| Stawiski | 0/650 | - | 0/550 | - | 0/1200 | - | - | - | - | 0/1200 | ||||
| Ruda | 0/640 | - | 1/640 (0.16) | 0.01–1.01 | 1/1280 (0.01) | 0–0.51 | - | - | - | 1/1280(0.01) | 0–0.51 | |||
| Zerczyce | 3/570 (0.53) | 0.14–1.67 | 1/650 (0.15) | 0.01–0.99 | 4/1220 (0.32) | 0.11–0.9 | - | - | - | 4/1220(0.32) | 0.11–0.9 | |||
| Total | 6/3605(0.17) | 0.07–0.39 | 9/3665 (0.25) | 0.12–0.49 | 15/7270 (0.21) | 0.12–0.35 | - | - | - | 15/7270(0.21) | 0.12–0.35 | |||
*
MIR – minimum infection rate %.
‡
95% CI –95% binominal confidence interval including continuity correction by Wilson [21].
- not detected.
a, b
Statistically significant differences (P<0.0001).