Table V.

Descriptive statistics for Barrier Questionnaire items and scales for the current sickle cell sample (N = 145) and three previously reported samples

Variable	Domain	Mean (SD)
		Sickle Cell N=145	With Cancer N=270+	With Cancer N=53++	Without Cancer N=40+++
Pain Management Subscale (BQ-8 items)	1. Having pain means that the disease is getting worse. 2. I do not like having shots. 3. Pain medicine cannot really control pain. 4. People get addicted to pain medicine easily. 5. It is important to be strong by not talking about pain. 6. It is more important for the doctor to focus on curing illness than to put time into controlling pain. 7. If you take pain medicine when you have some pain, then it might not work as well if the pain becomes worse. 8. It is easier to put up with pain than with the side effects that come from pain medicine.	2.2 (1.9) 2.9 (1.9) 1.8 (1.8) 2.7 (1.8) 1.6 (1.7) 2.1 (1.9) 2.6 (1.9) 1.5 (1.6)	2.1 (1.5) 1.7 (1.4) 1.0 (1.0) 2.2 (1.4) 1.1 (1.)1 1.3 (1.3) 1.5 (1.3) 2.0 (1.1)	2.2 (1.6) 2.3 (1.5) 1.0 (1.0) 2.5 (1.4) 1.0 (1.2) 1.3 (1.3) 1.7 (1.4) 2.1 (1.0)	2.0 (1.4) 2.0 (1.4) 1.4 (1.1) 2.9 (1.1) 1.4 (1.2) 1.5 (1.1) 1.6 (1.3) 2.4 ( .9)
Side Effects Subscale (BQ-5 items)	1. Drowsiness from pain medicine is really a bother. 2. Confusion from pain medicine is really a bother. 3. Nausea from pain medicine is really distressing. 4. Pain medicine often makes you say or do embarrassing things. 5. Constipation from pain medicine is really upsetting.	2.2 (1.6) 2.5 (1.9) 3.2 (1.9) 1.0 (1.4) 2.7 (1.8)
BQ-8 subscale* BQ-5 subscale** BQ-13 scale***		2.2 (1.0) 2.3 (1.3) 2.2 (0.9)

^*Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency reliability: 0.63

^**0.77

^***0.75

⁺(Ward et al., 1993)

⁺⁺(Ward and Gatwood, 1994)

⁺⁺⁺(Ward and Gatwood, 1994)