Table 3.

Growth, body composition and resting energy expenditure (means ± SD) in all subjects at 3 months of age.

	Healthy Infants	Infants with Congenital Heart Disease
	n = 49	All n = 44	Single Ventricle n = 17	Biventricular n = 27
Age at visit, days	95 ± 13	96 ± 13	99 ± 15	93 ± 11
Weight
kg	6.1 ± 0.8	5.6 ± 0.9**	5.6 ± 1.0**	5.5 ± 0.7**
z-score	−0.3 ± 1.0	−1.1 ± 1.1***	−1.1 ± 1.1**	−1.0 ± 1.0**
Length
cm	61.4 ± 2.8	59.8 ± 2.3**	60.1 ± 2.1	59.6 ± 2.5*
z-score	0.0 ± 1.2	−0.7 ± 1.1*	−0.8 ± 0.9*	−0.6 ± 1.2
Head Circumference
cm	40.8 ± 1.3	39.7 ± 1.5***	39.2 ± 1.6***	40.0 ± 1.3**
z-score	0.3 ± 0.9	−0.6 ± 1.2***	−1.1 ± 1.3***	−0.2 ± 1.1*§
Fat-free Mass, kg	4.4 ± 0.5	4.3 ± 0.5	4.2 ± 0.5	4.3 ± 0.5
Fat mass, kg	1.7 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.4	1.4 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.3
% Fat	27.0 ± 5.0	23.1 ± 5.1**	23.7 ± 5.5*	22.7 ± 4.9**
REE Kcal/day	328 ± 52	324 ± 55	325 ± 59	322 ± 54
Schofield, % predicteda	105 ± 13	112 ± 13*	111 ± 14	112 ± 12*
WHO, % predictedb	104 ± 13	115 ± 14**	115 ± 17*	114 ± 12*

^*p<0.05,

^**p<0.01,

^***p<0.001 show healthy infants compared to all infants with CHD and with each CHD postoperative physiology group;

^§p<0.05 depicts significance comparing the SV and BV CHD groups.

^aSchofield prediction equation adjusts for age, gender, weight and length.(26)

^bWHO prediction equation adjusts for age, gender and weight.(27)