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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Stress. 2011 Sep;14(5):481–497. doi: 10.3109/10253890.2011.604751

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Diagram illustrating the effects of chronic stress (3 weeks of restraint) on structural plasticity in mPFC pyramidal neurons. Fluorescent dye-injections of pyramidal neurons were made in the dorsal anterior cingulate (ACd) and prelimbic (PL) areas of the rat. An atlas plate (lower left) depicts the approximate region within mPFC that neurons were filled for morphologic analyses. Distance in millimeters relative to bregma is indicated; adapted from Swanson (1992). Schematic neurons are shown for control (left) and chronic restraint stress (right), with arrows highlighting the fact that dendritic atrophy and spine/excitatory synapse loss is most prominent on distal apical dendrites (right). Also shown in each panel are examples of confocal laser-scanning microscopy images of dendritic segments. fa, forceps anterior, corpus callosum.