Figure 2.

Fold change in mRNA expression of major myelin genes and protein expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adolescent animals treated with gestational nicotine (GN; black bars) or saline (GS; white bars). Eleven major myelin genes (a, b) with glial fibrillary acidic protein (Gfap), chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (Cspg4) and ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1), the markers for astrocytes, synantocytes and microglia, respectively (c, d) were examined by quantitative real-time PCR in both males (a, c) and females (b, d) (N=5 or 6). The three-way mixed-design analysis of variance with two between-subject factors (that is, sex and drug) and one within-subject factor (that is, gene) showed a significant sex effect (F_{1, 17}=7.893; P=0.012) and interaction of sex and drug (F_{1, 17}=7.901; P=0.012). Expression of MBP protein was evaluated by western blotting. (e) Representative images for MBP and tubulin. (f) Fold change of MBP in GN animals compared with GS animals after normalization to tubulin (N=3 or 4). Data are expressed as means±s.e.m. *P<0.05, **P<0.01 significantly different from GS. Mobp, myelin-associated oligodendrocytic basic protein; Plp1, proteolipid protein 1; Cnp, 2′,3′-cyclic nucleotide 3′ phosphodiesterase; Mag, myelin-associated glycoprotein; Mog, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; Mal, T-cell differentiation protein; Gje1, gap junction membrane channel protein epsilon 1; Gjc2, gap junction protein, alpha 12, 47kDa; Gjb1, gap junction protein, beta 1; Cldn11, claudin 11.