Figure 5.

Fold change in mRNA expression of transcription factors in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) (a, b) and caudate putamen (CPu) (c, d) of adolescent rats exposed to gestational nicotine (GN; black bars) or saline (GS; white bars). The four-way mixed-design analysis of variance with three between-subject factors (that is, sex, brain region and drug) and one within-subject factor (that is, gene) showed significant effects of drug (F_{1, 36}=42.834; P<0.001) and sex (F_{1, 36}=37.246; P<0.001), and an interaction of brain region with drug and sex (F_{1, 36}=10.719; P=0.002). Data are expressed as means±s.e.m. (N=4 or 5). *P<0.05; **P<0.01; ***P<0.001 significantly different from GS. Olig1, Olig2 and Olig3: oligodendrocyte transcription factor-1, 2 and 3; Sox8, Sox9 and Sox10: SRY box 8, 9 and 10; Nkx2-2, NK2 transcription factor related, locus 2; Nkx6-2, NK6 homeobox 2; Myt1, myelin transcription factor-1.