Table 1.

Conceptual model of ICU discharge*

IOM aims	Structure (discharge tool)	Process	Outcome
Safe	Risk stratification	Patient to right ward	↓ ICU readmission
Effective	Medication reconciliation	Right medications	↓ Adverse event
Efficient	Information for providers	Providers informed	↓ Duplication of tests
Timely	Risk stratification	Discharged when ready	↓ Length of stay
Patient-centered	Information for patients	Patients engaged	↑ Patient satisfaction
Equitable	Checklist	Equal access	↓ Inequalities

*Table populated with sample tool components and consequent processes and outcomes.

ICU, intensive care unit; IOM, Institute of Medicine.