Table 1.
Case reports of Granulicatella spp. Endocarditis described in the literature
| Author | Age (years) | Etiology | Sex | Underlyng condition | Blood Culture | Ecocardiography Vegetations | Peripheral Stigmate of Endocarditis | Surgery | Regimen | Duration | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roggenkamp O. et al. (1997) |
38 |
G. adiacens |
/ |
None |
Positive |
/ |
Yes |
Yes |
Pi + T and G then added V |
/ |
No Relapse |
| Heath et al. (1998) |
45 |
G. adiacens |
M |
None |
Positive |
Positive (Transesophageal) |
No |
/ |
P + G(4 weeks) then P (2 weeks) then oral Cl (2 weeks) |
4weeks + 2weeks + 2weeks |
/ |
| Heath et al. (1998) |
50 |
G. adiacens |
M |
None |
Positive |
Positive |
No |
/ |
P + G(2 weeks) followed by Ce (2 weeks) |
2weeks + 2weeks |
/ |
| Christensen J. et al. (1999) |
71 |
G. adiacens |
F |
Artificial aortic valve with ascending aorta prosthesis |
Positive |
/ |
No |
No |
P + G |
6 weeks |
Recurrence 2 months later needing valve replacement |
| Rosenthal O. et al. (2002) |
68 |
G. adiacens |
M |
Pacemaker,Bypass grafting,Carotid endoarterectomy, Prosthetic replacement of the intrarenal aorta, Diabetes |
Positive |
Positive (transesophageal) |
No |
No |
P + R + G the latter discontinued due to low level resistance |
/ |
No relapse |
| Casalta J.P. et al. (2002) |
29 |
G. elegans |
M |
Bicuspit aortic valve |
Negative |
Positive (both transthoracic and transesophageal) |
Yes |
Yes |
Ax + G |
5 weeks |
No relapse |
| Wijetunga et al. 2002 |
31 |
A. adiacens |
M |
None |
Positive |
Positive |
Yes |
No |
Ce + G |
4 weeks |
No relapse |
| Perkins A. et al. (2003) |
57 |
G. adiacens |
M |
Mitral regurgitation |
Positive |
Negative (transthoracic) |
Yes |
No |
Ap + G |
Ap (4 weeks) G (2 weeks) |
No relapse |
| Ohara-Nemoto Y. et al. (2005) |
53 |
G. elegans |
F |
None |
Positive |
/ |
Yes |
Yes |
P + G |
4 weeks |
No relapse |
| Jeng A. et al. (2005) |
18 |
G. adiacens |
M |
Congenital heart disease |
Positive |
Positive (both transthoracic and transesophageal) |
Yes |
No |
V + G + R |
6 weeks |
No relapse |
| Al-Tawfiq JA. et al. (2006) |
47 |
G. elegans |
M |
Mitral valve prolapse |
Positive |
Positive (both transthoracic and transesophageal |
No |
Yes |
P + Cx |
6 weeks |
No relapse |
| Hernando Real S. et al. (2007) |
77 |
G. adiacens |
F |
Aortic stenosis and mitralic insufficiency |
Positive |
Positive (transesophageal) |
No |
No |
Ap + G |
4 weeks |
No relapse |
| Schwede I. et al. (2007) |
41 |
G. adiacens |
M |
Connatal aortic stenosis |
Positive |
Negative |
/ |
/ |
Ce then P + G |
6 weeks |
Relapse 6 weeks later |
| Chang S. et al. (2008) |
31 |
G. adiacens |
M |
None |
Positive |
Positive (transthoracic) |
Yes |
No |
Ox + G |
/ |
No relapse |
| Vandana K. Et al. (2010) |
71 |
G. adiacens |
M |
None |
Positive |
Positive |
Yes |
No |
B + G |
4 weeks |
No relapse |
| Lin CH et al. 2007 |
18 |
G. adiacens |
F |
None |
Positive |
Positive |
/ |
Yes |
P + G |
/ |
No relapse |
| Lin CH et al. 2007 |
61 |
G. adiacens |
M |
None |
Positive |
Positive |
/ |
Yes |
P + G |
/ |
No relapse |
| Lin CH et al. 2007 |
30 |
G. adiacens |
M |
None |
Positive |
Positive |
/ |
Yes |
P + G + Cx |
/ |
No relapse |
| Lin CH et al. 2007 |
28 |
G. adiacens |
F |
None |
Positive |
Positive |
/ |
Yes |
P + G then V and then Te |
/ |
No relapse |
| Laho D et al. 2011 | 81 | G. adiacens | M | Aortic disease and mitralic insufficiency | Postivie | Positive (transesophageal) | No | No | Ap + G | Ap (4 weeks) G (2 weeks) | No relapse |
M: male; F: female;/: unknown; Pi: piperacillin; T: tazobactam; G: gentamicin; V: vancomicin; P: penicillin; Cl: clindamycin; R: rifampin; Ax: amoxicillin; Ap: ampicillin; Cx: cefotaxime; Ce: ceftriaxone; B: beta-lactam; Ox: oxacillin; Te: teicoplanin.