Table 1.
Effects of metformin on metabolic changes in fructose-induced insulin resistant rats
| Chow control | Fructose diet (60%) | Fructose + Metformin | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight (g) |
514.0 ± 25.4 |
554.0 ± 30.5* |
517.2 ± 15.0† |
| Liver weight (g) |
13.8 ± 2.1 |
18.0 ± 1.0 |
14.4 ± 2.2 |
| Heart weight (g) |
1.5 ± 0.2 |
2.1 ± 0.3 |
1.6 ± 0.1 |
| Kidneys weight (g) |
3.1 ± 0.7 |
4.7 ± 0.9 |
3.3 ± 0.5 |
| Mean BP (mmHg) |
94.6 ± 10.9 |
93.1 ± 4.5 |
86.5 ± 9.2 |
| Glucose (mmol/L) |
5.80 ± 0.41 |
6.32 ± 0.53* |
5.24 ± 0.69‡ |
| Insulin (μg/L) |
0.14 ± 0.02 |
0.55 ± 0.22* |
0.28 ± 0.02† |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) |
3.26 ± 0.22 |
3.97 ± 0.18* |
3.46 ± 0.22† |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) |
1.33 ± 0.05 |
1.42 ± 0.23* |
1.48 ± 0.29† |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) |
0.97 ± 0.08 |
1.16 ± 0.12 |
0.82 ± 0.15† |
| Triglyceride (mmol/L) |
2.10 ± 0.40 |
3.27 ± 1.02** |
2.56 ± 0.75† |
| FFA (mmol/L) |
0.77 ± 0.18 |
2.00 ± 0.31** |
1.17 ± 0.22‡ |
| MG (nmol/L) | 190.40 ± 52.94 | 513.33 ± 58.29** | 238.00 ± 42.00† |
*P < 0.05 vs. Chow control, **P <0.01 Fructose vs. Chow control.
†P < 0.05 vs. Fructose, ‡P < 0.01 vs. Fructose.
BP: blood pressure, HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, FFA: free fatty acids, MG: methylglyoxal.
Determinations were performed 4 weeks after balloon injury following 4 week high fructose diet.