Table 1. Age- and sex-adjusted analyses on the new Asklepios extended family history definition (eFH) and the conventional family history definition (cFH).
| New extended family history definition (Asklepios eFH) | Test statistic p | Conventional family history definition (cFH) | ||||||||
| Variable | Low risk | Moderate risk | High risk | Overall | Low vs Moderate risk | Low vs High risk | Moderate vs high risk | Negative FH | Positive FH | Test statistic p |
| n = 419 | n = 1280 | n = 452 | n = 1706 | n = 445 | ||||||
| Age (years)* | 44.2 (43.6-44.8) | 46.4 (46.0-46.7) | 46.2 (45.7-46.8) | <0.001 | 45.8 (45.5-46.1) | 46.2 (45.7-46.8) | 0.22 | |||
| Sex (% male) † | 47.8 (42.9-52.6) | 48.1 (45.3-50.8) | 46.6(42.0-51.2) | 0.86 | 48.0 (45.6-50.3) | 46.6 (42.0-51.3) | 0.62 | |||
| Height (cm) | 169.3 (168.7-169.9) | 169.1 (168.8-169.4) | 169.3 (168.8-169.9) | 0.75 | 0.58 | 0.94 | 0.51 | 169.1 (168.8-169.4) | 169.3 (168.7-169.9) | 0.66 |
| Weight (kg) | 73.1 (71.9-74.3) | 73.7 (73.0-74.4) | 74.9 (73.8-76.0) | 0.072 | 0.34 | 0.038 | 0.071 | 73.6 (73.0-74.2) | 74.9 (73.7-76.0) | 0.048 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 25.3 (25.0-25.7) | 25.6 (25.4-25.9) | 26.0 (25.6-26.4) | 0.048 | 0.164 | 0.018 | 0.095 | 25.6 (25.4-25.8) | 26.0 (25.6-26.4) | 0.045 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 85.7 (84.7-86.7) | 86.4 (85.8-87.0) | 87.9 (87.0-88.8) | 0.004 | 0.178 | 0.002 | 0.010 | 86.2 (85.7-86.7) | 87.8 (86.9-88.8) | 0.004 |
| Metabolic, biochemical, inflammatory parameters | ||||||||||
| Total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 5.5 (5.4-5.6) | 5.6 (5.6-5.7) | 5.6 (5.6-5.7) | 0.062 | 0.018 | 0.128 | 0.96 | 5.60 (5.56-5.65) | 5.64 (5.55-5.72) | 0.52 |
| (mg/dl) | 213.0 (209.5-216.4) | 217.6 (215.6-219.5) | 217.7 (214.4-221.0) | 216.4 (214.7-218.1) | 217.6 (214.3-221.0) | |||||
| LDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.30 (3.21-3.38) | 3.40 (3.35-3.46) | 3.44 (3.36-3.52) | 0.042 | 0.024 | 0.052 | 0.46 | 3.37 (3.33-3.42) | 3.44 (3.36-3.52) | 0.166 |
| (mg/dl) | 127.3 (124.1-130.5) | 131.3 (129.5-133.5) | 132.7 (129.6-135.8) | 130.3 (128.7-131.9) | 132.8 (129.7-135.9) | |||||
| Non-HDL-Cholesterol (mmol/l) | 3.84 (3.75-3.93) | 3.98 (3.93-4.03) | 4.04 (3.95-4.13) | 0.005 | 0.005 | 0.008 | 0.26 | 3.94 (3.90-3.99) | 4.04 (3.95-4.13) | 0.054 |
| (mg/dl) | 148.1 (144.6-151.7) | 153.6 (151.6-155.7) | 155.9 (152.6-159.3) | 152.3 (150.5-154.0) | 156.0 (152.6-159.4) | |||||
| HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) | 1.68 (1.64-1.72) | 1.66 (1.63-1.68) | 1.60 (1.56-1.63) | 0.008 | 0.28 | 0.006 | 0.011 | 1.66 (1.64-1.68) | 1.60 (1.56-1.63) | 0.002 |
| (mg/dl) | 64.9 (63.3-66.3) | 63.9 (63.1-64.8) | 61.7 (60.3-63.1) | 64.2 (63.4-64.9) | 61.6 (60.1-63.1) | |||||
| Ln Triglycerides (mmol/l) | 0.002 (-0.046-0.051) | 0.079 (0.052-0.107) | 0.121 (0.075-0.168) | 0.002 | 0.007 | 0.001 | 0.130 | 0.061 (0.037-0.085) | 0.121 (0.074-0.167) | 0.026 |
| (mg/dl) | 4.49 (4.44-4.53) | 4.56 (4.53-4.59) | 4.60 (4.56-4.65) | 4.54 (4.52-4.57) | 4.60 (4.56-4.65) | |||||
| Lipid-lowering therapy (%) | 5.6 (3.2-8.0) | 6.9 (5.6-8.3) | 6.9 (4.6-9.1) | 0.62 | 0.36 | 0.38 | 0.98 | 6.6 (5.4-7.7) | 7.0 (4.7-9.3) | 0.75 |
| Glycemic state (%) | ||||||||||
| Euglycemic | 89.7 | 84.4 | 84.1 | 85.8 | 83.8 | |||||
| IFG ≥ 100 mg/dl | 9.5 | 14.3 | 13.5 | 0.009 | 0.024 | 0.048 | 0.198 | 13.1 | 13.7 | 0.071 |
| Type 2 diabetes | 0.7 | 1.3 | 2.2 | 1.2 | 2.2 | |||||
| Number of MS components (%) | ||||||||||
| 0 | 47.8 | 35.6 | 32.6 | 38.4 | 33.1 | |||||
| 1 | 31.1 | 32.0 | 33.3 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.71 | 32.0 | 32.4 | 0.24 |
| 2 | 11.7 | 19.9 | 19.7 | 17.9 | 19.8 | |||||
| ≥3 | 9.4 | 12.5 | 14.4 | 11.7 | 14.7 | |||||
| Oxidized LDL-cholesterol (U/l) | 91.6 (88.1-95.4) | 96.4 (94.3-98.5) | 99.8 (96.3-103.3) | 0.008 | 0.021 | 0.003 | 0.111 | 95.3 (93.5-97.1) | 99.8 (96.2-103.3) | 0.026 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dl) | 318 (312-324) | 326 (322-329) | 328 (322-333) | 0.055 | 0.026 | 0.027 | 0.55 | 324 (321-327) | 327 (322-333) | 0.28 |
| Ln hs-CRP (mg/dl) | 0.23 (0.13-0.34) | 0.24 (0.18-0.30) | 0.25 (0.15-0.36) | 0.96 | 0.90 | 0.88 | 0.78 | 0.24 (0.18-0.29) | 0.25 (0.15-0.36) | 0.80 |
| Blood pressure | ||||||||||
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 124.8 (123.5-126.0) | 127.1 (126.3-127.8) | 128.5 (127.2-129.7) | <0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.054 | 126.5 (125.9-127.1) | 128.4 (127.2-129.6) | 0.007 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 78.6 (77.6-79.5) | 80.0 (79.5-80.6) | 81.4 (80.5-82.3) | 0.001 | 0.005 | <0.001 | 0.008 | 79.7 (79.2-80.2) | 81.3 (80.5-82.2) | 0.001 |
| Drug-treated hypertension (%) | 7.5 (4.6-10.4) | 11.1 (9.4-12.7) | 12.0 (9.1-14.7) | 0.067 | 0.035 | 0.019 | 0.64 | 10.2 (8.7-11.6) | 12.1 (9.2-14.9 ) | 0.24 |
| Lifestyle | ||||||||||
| Daily fruit and vegetable intake (g) | 349 (334-364) | 338 (330-347) | 342 (327-356) | 0.49 | 0.25 | 0.53 | 0.68 | 341 (333-348) | 342 (327-356) | 0.88 |
| Physical activity (>3.5MET; 0,5x/week, %) | 37 (33-42) | 36 (34-39) | 34 (29-38) | 0.51 | 0.75 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 37 (34-39) | 34 (29-38) | 0.24 |
| Ever smoker (%) | 44 (39-49) | 49 (46-52) | 50 (45-54) | 0.173 | 0.079 | 0.112 | 0.75 | 48 (45-50) | 50 (46-55) | 0.36 |
| Global risk calculation | ||||||||||
| Ln 10-year SCORE risk (Belgium; current age; %) | -0.69 (-0.73- -0.65) | -0.59 (-0.62- -0.57) | -0.56 (-0.59- -0.52) | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.093 | -0.62 (-0.64- -0.60) | -0.55 (-0.59- -0.52) | 0.004 |
LDL = low-density lipoprotein; HDL = high-density lipoprotein; MS = metabolic syndrome; hs-CRP = high sensitive C-reactive protein; BP = blood pressure; MET = metabolic equivalent of task; IFG ≥100 mg/dl = impaired fasting glycemia (fasting glucose level ≥100 mg/dl and <126 mg/dl). Data are age- and sex-adjusted estimated marginal means (95%-confidence intervals). Continuous variables were tested using general linear modelling; categorical variables were tested using chi-square test.
*
Sex-adjusted.
†
Age-adjusted.