TABLE 1.
Anthropometric measures of Gambian boys in the calcium-supplementation and placebo groups1
| Age |
Height |
Weight |
Midupper arm circumference |
Triceps skinfold thickness |
||||||
| Time point | Calcium | Placebo | Calcium | Placebo | Calcium | Placebo | Calcium | Placebo | Calcium | Placebo |
| y | cm | kg | cm | mm | ||||||
| Y1 | 10.4 ± 0.1 | 10.5 ± 0.1 | 132.5 ± 0.9 | 132.5 ± 1.2 | 25.7 ± 0.5 | 25.4 ± 0.6 | 18.0 ± 0.2 | 17.8 ± 0.2 | 7.2 ± 0.2 | 7.0 ± 0.2 |
| Y2 | 11.5 ± 0.1 | 11.6 ± 0.1 | 137.2 ± 0.8 | 137.2 ± 1.2 | 27.4 ± 0.5 | 26.9 ± 0.7 | 19.0 ± 0.2 | 18.7 ± 0.2 | 7.6 ± 0.3 | 7.4 ± 0.3 |
| Y3 | 12.5 ± 0.1 | 12.6 ± 0.1 | 141.8 ± 0.9 | 141.7 ± 1.3 | 30.0 ± 0.7 | 29.7 ± 0.8 | 19.7 ± 0.2 | 19.5 ± 0.3 | 7.3 ± 0.3 | 7.0 ± 0.2 |
| Y4 | 13.5 ± 0.1 | 13.6 ± 0.1 | 146.2 ± 1.1 | 145.9 ± 1.4 | 33.0 ± 0.8 | 32.3 ± 0.9 | 20.3 ± 0.3 | 20.1 ± 0.3 | 7.2 ± 0.3 | 7.1 ± 0.3 |
| Y6 | 15.5 ± 0.1 | 15.6 ± 0.1 | 158.1 ± 0.8 | 156.2 ± 1.62 | 41.4 ± 1.0 | 40.0 ± 1.3 | 20.2 ± 0.3 | 19.9 ± 0.3 | 6.0 ± 0.2 | 6.3 ± 0.3 |
| Y8 | 17.5 ± 0.1 | 17.5 ± 0.1 | 166.8 ± 0.7 | 165.1 ± 1.4 | 49.6 ± 1.0 | 47.2 ± 1.4 | 22.4 ± 0.3 | 21.9 ± 0.3 | 6.2 ± 0.2 | 6.2 ± 0.2 |
| Y10 | 19.4 ± 0.1 | 19.5 ± 0.1 | 171.1 ± 0.8 | 172.0 ± 1.1 | 54.7 ± 0.9 | 54.0 ± 1.1 | 24.0 ± 0.3 | 24.0 ± 0.3 | 5.7 ± 0.2 | 6.0 ± 0.3 |
| Y12 | 21.7 ± 0.2 | 21.6 ± 0.2 | 173.3 ± 0.8 | 174.7 ± 1.23 | 59.1 ± 1.2 | 57.8 ± 1.2 | 25.6 ± 0.3 | 25.4 ± 0.3 | 7.0 ± 0.3 | 6.6 ± 0.2 |
| Y14 | 23.5 ± 0.2 | 23.6 ± 0.2 | 173.7 ± 0.8 | 176.3 ± 1.44 | 58.9 ± 1.4 | 59.8 ± 1.52 | 25.1 ± 0.5 | 25.7 ± 0.43 | 6.0 ± 0.3 | 6.3 ± 0.3 |
1
All values are means ± SEMs. The numbers of boys in the calcium and placebo groups, respectively, were as follows: 40 and 40 at Y1–6, 39 and 39 at Y8, 37 and 39 at Y10, 34 and 30 at Y12, and 29 and 25 at Y14. Significance of group differences by multiple regression analysis after adjustment for value and age at Y1 (all else P > 0.1): 2P ≤ 0.01, 3P ≤ 0.05, 4P = 0.002. Y1, baseline; Y2–14, the year of follow-up relative to Y1.