Table 1.
Mean daily intake of energy and selected nutrients of Baltimore infants and toddlers
| |
All ages (n = 73) |
0 - 6 months (n = 21) |
7 - 12 months (n =20) |
13 - 24 months (n = 32) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | RDA/AI1 | Mean (SD) | RDA/AI1 | Mean (SD) | RDA/AI1 | |
| Age (months) |
11.7 (6.6) |
4.2 (1.1) |
- |
9.3 (1.7) |
- |
18.1 (3.5) |
- |
| Energy (kcal) |
957.3 (327.4) |
676.5 (225.7) |
- |
987.6 (280.1) |
- |
1122.7 (285.8) |
- |
| Protein (g) |
28 (16.6) |
14.5 (5.7) |
9.12 |
25.4 (12.5) |
114 |
38.6 (16.5) |
134 |
| Carbohydrate (g) |
128.2 (51.3) |
75.1 (32.5) |
602 |
139.7 (36.3) |
952 |
155.8 (41.9) |
1304 |
| Fat (g) |
38.1 (14.0) |
35 (9.0) |
312 |
38.6 (12.3) |
302 |
39.9 (17.1) |
- |
| % energy from protein |
10.9 (3.6) |
8.5 (1.8) |
- |
9.7 (2.8) |
- |
13.3 (3.6) |
5-203 |
| % energy from carbohydrates |
52.5 (9.7) |
43.9 (3.9) |
- |
56 (5.3) |
- |
56 (11.0) |
45-653 |
| % energy from fat |
36.6 (9.8) |
47.6 (4.8) |
- |
34.3 (4.0) |
- |
30.8 (8.8) |
30-403 |
| Sugars (g) |
76.4 (30.9) |
59.8 (29.2) |
- |
81.5 (26.7) |
- |
84.1 (30.2) |
< 25%3 |
| Dietary fiber (g) |
4.8 (4.2) |
1 (1.8) |
- |
4.7 (3.3) |
- |
7.4 (3.8) |
192 |
| Saturated fat (g) |
14.2 (6.4) |
13.1 (4.4) |
- |
14 (5.0) |
- |
15.1 (8.0) |
low as possible3 |
| Monounsaturated fat (g) |
11.3 (5.7) |
12 (4.4) |
- |
11.8 (4.4) |
- |
10.4 (6.9) |
- |
| Polyunsaturated fat (g) |
5.7 (3.2) |
6.5 (3.0) |
- |
7.4 (2.6) |
- |
4.3 (3.0) |
- |
| Omega-3 fatty acid (g) |
0.5 (0.3) |
0.6 (0.3) |
0.52 |
0.7 (0.3) |
0.52 |
0.4 (0.3) |
0.72 |
| Omega-6 fatty acid (g) |
4.5 (2.9) |
5.7 (2.7) |
4.42 |
6.3 (2.5) |
4.62 |
2.6 (1.8) |
72 |
| Vitamin A (μg-RAE) |
419.3 (246.5) |
540 (212.7) |
4002 |
509.3 (203.5) |
5002 |
284 (223.0) |
3004 |
| Thiamin (mg) |
0.8 (0.6) |
0.7 (0.5) |
0.22 |
1.2 (0.7) |
0.32 |
0.7 (0.5) |
0.54 |
| Riboflavin (mg) |
1.2 (0.8) |
0.9 (0.6) |
0.32 |
1.5 (0.7) |
0.42 |
1.2 (0.9) |
0.54 |
| Niacin (mg) |
10.1 (7.2) |
8.8 (6.1) |
22 |
14.7 (8.6) |
42 |
8 (5.4) |
65 |
| Vitamin B-6 (mg) |
0.7 (0.5) |
0.4 (0.3) |
0.12 |
0.7 (0.4) |
0.32 |
0.8 (0.6) |
0.54 |
| Total folate (μg-DFE) |
170.8 (145.3) |
132.0 (76.4) |
652 |
170.4 (74.3) |
802 |
196.6 (201.8) |
1504 |
| Vitamin B-12 (μg) |
2 (1.6) |
1.6 (0.8) |
0.42 |
1.8 (1.0) |
0.52 |
2.5 (2.2) |
0.94 |
| Vitamin C (mg) |
124.5 (95.8) |
75 (53.3) |
402 |
157.5 (111.4) |
502 |
136.4 (94.3) |
154 |
| Vitamin D(μg)5 |
5.1 (4.0) |
6.3 (5.0) |
102 |
5.9 (3.5) |
102 |
3.8 (3.1) |
154 |
| Vitamin E (mg)6 |
6 (5.8) |
8.6 (6.3) |
42 |
9.7 (4.7) |
52 |
2.1 (2.9) |
64 |
| Calcium (mg) |
622.9 (339.2) |
556.8 (257.7) |
2002 |
711.5 (325.9) |
2602 |
610.9 (381.6) |
7004 |
| Magnesium (mg) |
87.6 (51.7) |
59.6 (32.1) |
302 |
108.9 (50.3) |
752 |
92.7 (55.0) |
804 |
| Potassium (mg) |
1,045.8 (549.2) |
730.3 (340.2) |
4002 |
1,092.6 (358.6) |
7002 |
1,223.6 (661.6) |
30002 |
| Sodium (mg) |
988.5 (868.4) |
199.7 (60.6) |
1202 |
794.8 (659.8) |
3702 |
1,627.2 (775.4) |
10002 |
| Iron (mg) |
12.9 (10.6) |
12.2 (9.3) |
0.272 |
21.1 (12.6) |
114 |
8.2 (5.7) |
74 |
| Zinc (mg) | 4.8 (3.1) | 4.7 (2.3) | 22 | 5.4 (2.3) | 34 | 4.5 (3.9) | 34 |
RAE, retinol activity equivalents; DFE, dietary folate equivalents.
1The Dietary Reference Intakes are presented in this table using Adequate Intakes or Recommended Dietary Allowances for age groups 0–6 months, 7–12 months and 1–3 years.
2Adequate Intake.
3Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range.
4Recommended Dietary Allowance.
5As cholecalciferol. In the absence of adequate exposure to sunlight.
6As alpha–tocopherol.