Table 5.
Manic symptoms during most severe lifetime manic episode: BD-NOS versus BD-Ia
| Manic symptomsb | BD-NOS (n = 88) | BD-I (n = 71) | Statistic (Wald χ2)c |
p-value | BD-NOS versus BD-I (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Irritability | 72.7 | 91.6 | 8.80 | 0.0031d | 0.93 (0.88, 0.98) |
| Elation | 78.4 | 83.1 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.97 (0.90, 1.05) |
| Decreased need for sleep | 40.9 | 66.2 | 12.10 | 0.0005d | 0.82 (0.73, 0.92) |
| Energetic | 84.1 | 87.3 | 0.10 | 0.75 | 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) |
| Increased goal-directed activity |
43.2 | 57.8 | 2.80 | 0.09 | 0.91 (0.82, 1.02) |
| Grandiosity | 37.5 | 53.5 | 3.80 | 0.051 | 0.88 (0.79, 1.00) |
| Pressured speech | 72.7 | 85.9 | 1.79 | 0.18 | 0.96 (0.90, 1.02) |
| Racing thoughts | 63.6 | 77.5 | 5.98 | 0.01 | 0.91 (0.84, 0.98) |
| Flight of ideas | 45.5 | 60.6 | 4.68 | 0.03 | 0.88 (0.79, 0.99) |
| Psychomotor agitation | 78.4 | 69.0 | 1.49 | 0.22 | 1.05 (0.97, 1.13) |
| Poor judgment | 51.1 | 71.8 | 8.62 | 0.0033d | 0.88 (0.81, 0.96) |
| Distractibility | 63.6 | 81.7 | 8.79 | 0.003d | 0.90 (0.84, 0.97) |
| Motor hyperactivity | 77.3 | 73.2 | 1.17 | 0.28 | 1.04 (0.97, 1.11) |
| Inappropriate laughing | 56.8 | 70.4 | 3.48 | 0.06 | 0.92 (0.85, 1.00) |
| Uninhibited, gregarious behavior |
28.4 | 35.2 | 0.90 | 0.34 | 0.92 (0.79, 1.08) |
| Increased productivity | 29.6 | 36.6 | 1.29 | 0.26 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.07) |
| Increased creativity | 21.6 | 35.7 (25/70) | 2.56 | 0.11 | 0.87 (0.73, 1.03) |
| Hypersexuality | 19.5 (17/87) | 19.7 | 0.00 | 0.96 | 0.99 (0.79, 1.24) |
| Mood lability | 85.2 | 80.3 | 0.51 | 0.48 | 1.02 (0.97, 1.07) |
Values are reported as percent. BD-NOS = bipolar disorder not otherwise specified; BD-I = bipolar I disorder; CI = confidence interval.
a
Prevalence ratios are calculated across bipolar diagnosis; significant differences are shown in bold.
b
Variables taken from KMRS (summary of parent and child report). Symptoms of any severity (mild, moderate, or severe) were included.
c
Results adjusted for age, sex, race, parental education, and number of parents with available history.
d
Significant after correction for multiple comparisons, using the false discovery rate and keeping alpha at 0.05, two-tailed.