Table 5.
Manic symptomsb | BD-NOS (n = 88) | BD-I (n = 71) | Statistic (Wald χ2)c |
p-value | BD-NOS versus BD-I (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Irritability | 72.7 | 91.6 | 8.80 | 0.0031d | 0.93 (0.88, 0.98) |
Elation | 78.4 | 83.1 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.97 (0.90, 1.05) |
Decreased need for sleep | 40.9 | 66.2 | 12.10 | 0.0005d | 0.82 (0.73, 0.92) |
Energetic | 84.1 | 87.3 | 0.10 | 0.75 | 0.99 (0.93, 1.05) |
Increased goal-directed activity |
43.2 | 57.8 | 2.80 | 0.09 | 0.91 (0.82, 1.02) |
Grandiosity | 37.5 | 53.5 | 3.80 | 0.051 | 0.88 (0.79, 1.00) |
Pressured speech | 72.7 | 85.9 | 1.79 | 0.18 | 0.96 (0.90, 1.02) |
Racing thoughts | 63.6 | 77.5 | 5.98 | 0.01 | 0.91 (0.84, 0.98) |
Flight of ideas | 45.5 | 60.6 | 4.68 | 0.03 | 0.88 (0.79, 0.99) |
Psychomotor agitation | 78.4 | 69.0 | 1.49 | 0.22 | 1.05 (0.97, 1.13) |
Poor judgment | 51.1 | 71.8 | 8.62 | 0.0033d | 0.88 (0.81, 0.96) |
Distractibility | 63.6 | 81.7 | 8.79 | 0.003d | 0.90 (0.84, 0.97) |
Motor hyperactivity | 77.3 | 73.2 | 1.17 | 0.28 | 1.04 (0.97, 1.11) |
Inappropriate laughing | 56.8 | 70.4 | 3.48 | 0.06 | 0.92 (0.85, 1.00) |
Uninhibited, gregarious behavior |
28.4 | 35.2 | 0.90 | 0.34 | 0.92 (0.79, 1.08) |
Increased productivity | 29.6 | 36.6 | 1.29 | 0.26 | 0.91 (0.78, 1.07) |
Increased creativity | 21.6 | 35.7 (25/70) | 2.56 | 0.11 | 0.87 (0.73, 1.03) |
Hypersexuality | 19.5 (17/87) | 19.7 | 0.00 | 0.96 | 0.99 (0.79, 1.24) |
Mood lability | 85.2 | 80.3 | 0.51 | 0.48 | 1.02 (0.97, 1.07) |
Values are reported as percent. BD-NOS = bipolar disorder not otherwise specified; BD-I = bipolar I disorder; CI = confidence interval.
Prevalence ratios are calculated across bipolar diagnosis; significant differences are shown in bold.
Variables taken from KMRS (summary of parent and child report). Symptoms of any severity (mild, moderate, or severe) were included.
Results adjusted for age, sex, race, parental education, and number of parents with available history.
Significant after correction for multiple comparisons, using the false discovery rate and keeping alpha at 0.05, two-tailed.