Table 3.
Odds Ratios (95% confidence intervals) of hypertension in relation to mercury exposure.
| Doubling of Mercury (log-transformed) |
Quartile | Test for Trend |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 OR (95%CI) |
3 OR (95%CI) |
4 OR (95%CI) |
|||
| Blood mercury (n=6,607) | ||||||
| 0.10–0.49 | 0.50–0.95 | 0.96–1.83 | 1.84–32.8 | |||
| Crude | 1.02 (0.96, 1.09) |
1.0 (ref) |
1.26 (1.09, 1.46) |
1.26 (1.04, 1.53) |
1.16 (0.90, 1.49) |
0.3760 |
| Model 1 | 0.92 (0.87, 0.98) |
1.0 (ref) |
1.13 (0.99, 1.30) |
0.98 (0.76, 1.26) |
0.78 (0.62, 0.98) |
0.0189 |
| Model 2 | 0.95 (0.89, 1.02) |
1.0 (ref) |
1.14 (0.96, 1.35) |
1.003 (0.77, 1.31) |
0.88 (0.68, 1.13) |
0.1852 |
| Model 3 | 0.94 (0.87, 1.01) |
1.0 (ref) |
1.13 (0.95, 1.33) |
0.98 (0.75, 1.27) |
0.83 (0.63, 1.09) |
0.1116 |
|
Urinary mercury (n=2,201) |
||||||
| 0.06–0.21 | 0.22–0.45 | 0.46–1.02 | 1.03–50.2 | |||
| Crude | 0.91 (0.84, 0.99) |
1.0 (ref) |
0.71 (0.52, 0.98) |
0.85 (0.61, 1.19) |
0.79 (0.53, 1.17) |
0.1820 |
| Model 1 | 0.86 (0.78, 0.96) |
1.0 (ref) |
0.59 (0.41, 0.84) |
0.75 (0.49, 1.16) |
0.70 (0.42, 1.14) |
0.3131 |
| Model 2 | 0.88 (0.78, 0.99) |
1.0 (ref) |
0.60 (0.42, 0.85) |
0.74 (0.45, 1.21) |
0.76 (0.44, 1.28) |
0.5376 |
| Model 3 | 0.87 (0.78, 0.99) |
1.0 (ref) |
0.60 (0.42, 0.85) |
0.75 (0.46, 1.21) |
0.75 (0.44, 1.28) |
0.5154 |
Model 1: age, gender, and race/ethnicity (for urinary mercury, urinary creatinine added).
Model 2: Additionally adjusted for education, body mass index, alcohol usage, and cotinine (log-transformed).
Model 3: Further adjusted for omega-3 fatty acids and total caloric intake.
Hypertension was defined as those individuals who have taken anti-hypertensive medication, have a systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mmHg, or have a diastolic blood pressure of ≥ 90 mmHg.