Thailanstatins increase GRβ levels in TM cells. Primary TM cell strains (n = 4; different TM cell strains) were treated with DMSO or 10 nM, 100 nM, and 1 μM concentrations of TST-A, TST-B, or TST-C for 24 hours. All three TSTs increased GRβ mRNA levels in TM cells. TST-A shows significant induction at 1 μM as compared to the DMSO vehicle control (A) (P < 0.001). TST-B significantly induces GRβ mRNA at 100 nM and 1 μM (B) (P < 0.01) and decreases GRα mRNA levels (B) (P < 0.001). TST-C increases GRβ mRNA levels at 100 nM (C) (P < 0.05) and decreases GRα mRNA levels (C) (P < 0.01). One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. All three TSTs (48 hours) also increased GRβ protein levels in different TM cell strains (D). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.