TABLE 5.
Interventions and discharge characteristics among VLBW Infants with T21, T18, T13, triploidy and infants without chromosomal anomalies in the Vermont Oxford Network born 1994–2009
| Group |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type of Intervention/ Discharge Characteristic, N (%) |
T21 N=1681 |
T18 N=1416 |
T13 N=435 |
Triploidy N=116 |
No Chromosomal Anomaly* N=533916 |
| Delivery Room (DR) Interventions |
|||||
| Cesarean section delivery | 1200 (71.5) | 910 (64.3) | 239 (54.9) | 71 (61.2) | 353451 (66.2) |
| Oxygen given | 1331 (79.5) | 1049 (74.2) | 282 (64.8) | 82 (70.7) | 472540 (88.7) |
| Face mask ventilation | 705 (42.1) | 820 (58.1) | 208 (47.8) | 66 (56.9) | 299449 (56.2) |
| Endotracheal tube ventilation | 577 (34.5) | 678 (48.0) | 185 (42.5) | 58 (50.0) | 292586 (54.9) |
| Epinephrine given | 34 (2.0) | 94 (6.6) | 13 (3.0) | 4 (3.4) | 20449 (3.8) |
| Cardiac compression | 55 (3.3) | 132 (9.3) | 31 (7.1) | 5 (4.3) | 31869 (6.0) |
| DR surfactant1 | 232 (16.6) | 136 (11.7) | 47 (13.1) | 23 (24.7) | 127194 (29.8) |
| Any type of DR intervention | 1352 (80.8) | 1070 (75.7) | 289 (66.6) | 84 (72.4) | 484409 (90.9) |
| Surfactant at any time | 614 (36.6) | 513 (36.3) | 169 (39.2) | 52 (45.2) | 336310 (63.1) |
| NICU Interventions among DR Survivors |
N=1515 | N=1106 | N=302 | N=85 | N=512537 |
| Oxygen | 1300 (85.8) | 990 (89.5) | 272 (90.1) | 76 (89.4) | 457574 (89.3) |
| Conventional ventilation | 915 (60.4) | 774 (70.0) | 232 (76.8) | 65 (76.5) | 350303 (68.4) |
| High frequency ventilation | 275 (18.2) | 233 (21.1) | 65 (21.5) | 24 (28.2) | 117314 (22.9) |
| Any type of ventilation | 937 (61.8) | 804 (72.7) | 240 (79.5) | 68 (80.0) | 363565 (70.9) |
| High flow nasal cannula2 | 288 (44.2) | 75 (17.5) | 16 (12.2) | 1 (3.7) | 91487 (45.0) |
| Nasal IMV or nasal SIMV2 | 75 (11.5) | 21 (4.9) | 4 (3.1) | 0 (0.0) | 27632 (13.6) |
| Inhaled nitric oxide3 | 43 (11.7) | 10 (4.3) | 5 (7.4) | 2 (16.7) | 4987 (4.7) |
| Nasal CPAP4 | 719 (47.5) | 259 (23.4) | 55 (18.2) | 13 (15.3) | 317674 (62.0) |
| Early nasal CPAP5 | 283 (49.1) | 117 (53.9) | 29 (60.4) | 3 (42.9) | 82441 (35.6) |
| Any type of respiratory support | 1335 (88.1) | 999 (90.3) | 277 (91.7) | 78 (91.8) | 469488 (91.6) |
| Discharge Characteristics among DR Survivors |
N=1515 | N=1106 | N=302 | N=85 | N=512537 |
| Oxygen at discharge6 | 608 (40.2) | 704 (63.8) | 212 (70.2) | 64 (75.3) | 135996 (26.6) |
| Monitor at discharge6 | 752 (52.8) | 698 (68.2) | 210 (74.5) | 59 (75.6) | 223776 (46.7) |
| Enteral feeding at discharge7 | |||||
| None | 258 (23.3) | 547 (72.5) | 169 (80.1) | 44 (77.2) | 46776 (13.4) |
| Human milk only | 74 (6.7) | 43 (5.7) | 14 (6.6) | 2 (3.5) | 30905 (8.8) |
| Formula only | 435 (39.3) | 122 (16.2) | 24 (11.4) | 6 (10.5) | 160202 (45.8) |
| Human milk with fortifier or formula | 340 (30.7) | 42 (5.6) | 4 (1.9) | 5 (8.8) | 111724 (32.0) |
Excludes 336 infants with missing information on birth defects. Information was missing in the chromosomal anomaly groups shown for oxygen: 9 infants; face mask ventilation 10; endotracheal tube ventilation: 10; epinephrine: 9; cardiac compression: 10; DR surfactant: 5; any type of DR intervention: 10; surfactant at any time: 10; discharge oxygen: 6; discharge monitor: 5; enteral feeding: 19; high frequency vent: 1; high flow nasal cannula: 1; nasal IMV: 2. Missing information not reported for infants in the no chromosomal anomaly group.
Variable added in 2000.
Variable added in 2006; IMV: intermittent mandatory ventilation; SIMV: synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation.
Variable added in 2008.
CPAP: continuous positive airway pressure. For the purpose of this definition, nasal IMV and SIMV are both considered forms of nasal CPAP.
Variable added in 2002, coded if nasal CPAP yes and if before endotracheal tube ventilation.
Variable added in 1997; for infants who died before discharge, item is checked yes if the infant received supplemental oxygen or was on an apnea monitor or cardio-respiratory monitor at any time on the day of death.
Variable added in 2002; based on enteral feedings received during the 24 hour period prior to discharge, transfer or death and is not applicable if infant died in the DR.