Table 1.
Gene manipulation specifically in SF-1 neurons affects energy and glucose homeostasis.
| Molecule | Diet | Bodyweight | Food intake | Energy expenditure | Adiposity | Glycemia | Insulin sensitivity | leptin sensitivity | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SF1 (prenatal) | SD | △ (female in old ages) | - | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | Kim et al. (2011) |
| HFD | △ | - | ? | △ | ? | ? | ? | ||
| SF1 (postnatal) | SD | - | - | - | - | △ (fed and fast in old ages) | ▼ | ▼ | |
| HFD | △ | - | ▼ | △ | △ (fed and fast) | ? | ? | ||
| LepR | SD | △ | - | - | △ | - | ? | ? | Dhillon et al. (2006) |
| HFD | △ | △ | ▼ | △ | - | ? | ? | ||
| IR | SD | - | - | - | - | - | ? | ? | Klockener et al. (2011) |
| HFD | ▼ | ▼ | - | ▼ | - | △ | △ | ||
| PTEN | SD | △ | △ | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | |
| HFD | - | - | ? | ? | ? | ? | ? | ||
| p110α | SD | - | - | - | - | - | - | ▼ | Xu et al. (2010) |
| HFD | △ | - | ▼ | △ | ? | ? | ? | ||
| FOXO1 | SD | ▼ | - | △ | ▼ | ▼ (fed and fast) | △ | △ | Kim et al. (2012) |
| HFD | ▼ | - | △ | ▼ | ? | ? | ? | ||
| SOCS3 | SD | - | ▼ | ▼ | ? | ▼ (fed and fast) | △ | △ | Zhang et al. (2008) |
| HFD | - | ▼ | ▼ | ? | ▼ (fed) | △ | △ | ||
| SIRT1 (KO) | SD | - | - | - | - | - | ? | ? | Ramadori et al. (2011) |
| HFD | △ | - | ▼ | △ | △ (fed and fast) | ▼ | ? | ||
| SIRT1(OE) | SD | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
| HFD | ▼ | - | △ | ▼ | - | △ | ? | ||
| ERα | SD | - | - | - | - | - | ▼ (female) | ? | Xu et al. (2011) |
| HFD | △ (female) | - | ▼ (female) | △ (female) | - | ? | ? | ||
| VGLUT2 | SD | - | ? | ? | ? | ▼ (fast) | ? | ? | Tong et al. (2007) |
| HFD | △ | △ | - | △ | ? | ? | ? |
All genes except for SIRT1 were deleted specifically in SF-1 neurons. -, unchanged. △, increased. ▼, decreased. ?, not measured. SD, standard diet. HFD, high-fat diet. KO, knockout. OE, overexpression. SF-1, steroidogenic factor-1. LepR, leptin receptors. IR, insulin receptors. PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog. P110 α, p110 catalytic subunit alpha. FOXO1, forkhead box protein O1. SOCS3, suppressor of cytokine signaling-3. SIRT1, Sirtuin 1 or silent mating type information regulation 2, homolog 1. ERα, estrogen receptor alpha. VGLUT2, vesicular glutamate transporter 2.