Table 1. Characteristics of children included in the analysis, by year, based on data obtained from the Cambodia Demographic and Health Surveys of 2000, 2005 and 2010.
| Characteristic | Value (95% CI) |
||
|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 (n = 3395) | 2005 (n = 3418) | 2010 (n = 3553) | |
| Male sex (%) | 51.2 (49.1–53.3) | 48.8 (46.7–51.0) | 51.3 (49.2–53.4) |
| Age (months) | 29.9 (29.3–30.5) | 29.6 (28.9–30.2) | 29.5 (28.9–30.1) |
| Rural residence (%) | 85.6 (84.2–86.9) | 86.4 (84.2–88.4) | 84.5 (82.7–86.0) |
| Multiple birth (%) | 1.6 (1.0–2.4) | 1.3 (0.8–2.1) | 0.9 (0.6–1.6) |
| Breastfed within 1 hour of birth (%) | 10.6 (9.3–12.0) | 36.6 (34.3–39.0) | 64.4 (61.8–67.0) |
| Preceding birth interval (%) | |||
| None (first birth) | 18.6 (17.1–20.3) | 26.9 (25.1–28.7) | 34.0 (32.0–36.0) |
| < 18 months | 5.5 (4.7–6.4) | 4.9 (4.1–5.7) | 3.8 (3.1–4.7) |
| 18–23 months | 10.1 (9.1–11.3) | 8.2 (7.1–9.4) | 6.4 (5.4–7.5) |
| 24–29 months | 15.3 (14.1–16.7) | 11.0 (9.9–12.2) | 9.4 (8.2–10.7) |
| 30–35 months | 12.4 (11.2–13.7) | 10.6 (9.4–12.0) | 7.6 (6.4–8.9) |
| ≥ 36 months | 38.1 (36.0–40.1) | 38.5 (36.4–40.6) | 38.9 (36.7–41.0) |
| Average no. of household members | 6.3 (6.2–6.4) | 5.8 (5.7–6.0) | 5.7 (5.6–5.8) |
| Improved drinking water source in dry season (%) | 41.1 (37.5–44.7) | 71.0 (67.8–74.1) | 75.4 (72.0–78.5) |
| Improved sanitation facility (%) | 4.5 (3.6–5.6) | 16.5 (14.3–19.0) | 28.6 (26.0–31.3) |
| Diarrhoea in past 2 weeks (%) | 20.4 (18.6–22.4) | 19.3 (17.4–21.3) | 15.7 (13.9–17.7) |
| Paternal education (%) | |||
| None | 17.6 (15.5–19.8) | 14.6 (12.6–16.8) | 11.3 (9.7–13.1) |
| Incomplete primary | 42.9 (40.4–45.4) | 42.9 (40.4–45.3) | 37.5 (35.1–39.9) |
| Complete primary | 7.9 (6.7–9.3) | 7.3 (6.0–8.8) | 8.4 (7.0–10.0) |
| Incomplete secondary | 30.8 (28.3–33.3) | 29.7 (27.3–32.2) | 34.0 (31.6–36.6) |
| Complete secondary or higher | 0.9 (0.6–1.4) | 5.6 (4.5–6.9) | 8.8 (7.5–10.2) |
| Maternal education (%) | |||
| None | 32.4 (29.9–34.9) | 23.8 (21.5–26.3) | 18.9 (16.7–21.2) |
| Incomplete primary | 49.5 (46.9–52.2) | 51.8 (49.2–54.4) | 47.5 (44.8–50.2) |
| Complete primary | 4.2 (3.3–5.3) | 6.8 (5.7–8.1) | 9.1 (7.6–10.9) |
| Incomplete secondary | 13.1 (11.4–15.0) | 15.7 (13.6–18.0) | 20.8 (18.7–23.2) |
| Complete secondary or higher | 0.8 (0.5–1.3) | 1.9 (1.2–3.0) | 3.7 (2.8–4.8) |
| Maternal use of tobaccoa (%) | 14.3 (12.4–16.5) | 12.4 (10.6–14.4) | 6.6 (5.1–8.4) |
| Maternal height (cm) | 153.1 (152.8–153.3) | 152.6 (152.3–152.8) | 152.7 (152.4–153.0) |
| Maternal BMI (%) | |||
| < 18.5 kg/m2 | 19.9 (18.0–21.9) | 19.4 (17.4–21.5) | 17.8 (16.1–19.6) |
| 18.5–24.9 kg/m2 | 74.9 (72.9–76.9) | 72.5 (70.0–74.8) | 72.7 (70.4–74.8) |
| ≥ 25.0 kg/m2 | 5.2 (4.3–6.4) | 8.1 (6.8–9.7) | 9.5 (8.2–11.1) |
| Mother born in 1975–1978 (%) | 12.3 (10.8–14.0) | 15.8 (14.1–17.6) | 9.3 (8.0–10.8) |
BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval.
a At the time of the survey.