. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Sci Stud Read. 2012 Aug 22;17(3):199–223. doi: 10.1080/10888438.2011.652722

TABLE 4.

Summary of Hierarchical Regression Analyses for Predicting Oral Reading Rate

Regression and Steps	GORT Fluency					SARA Passages
Regression and Steps	R²	ΔR²	F	ΔF	β	R²	ΔR²	F	ΔF	β
1. Age	.709	.709	47.62	47.62	.027	.745	.745	56.88	56.88	.051
WRMT LW ID					.790^***					.788^***
WRMT WA					−.072					−.086
CTOPP RLN					−.177^*					−.214^**
2. + Semantics	.765	.056	41.30	9.03		.771	.026	42.60	4.33
WISC Vocab					.285^**					.281^**
PPVT					.040					−.116
3. +Syntax	.766	.001	30.29	0.13		.772	.001	31.32	0.19
TOLD GC					.037					.047
Sent Comp					−.018					−.003
2. +Syntax	.728	.018	33.85	2.55		.751	.006	38.22	0.97
TOLD GC					.144					.090
Sent Comp					.032					.009
3. + Semantics	.766	.038	30.29	6.07		.772	.021	31.32	3.40
WISC Vocab					.277^**					.267^*
PPVT					.034					−.129

Note. GORT = Gray Oral Reading Test Fourth Edition, Fluency Scaled Score; WRMT = Woodcock Reading Mastery Test, Standard Scores; LW ID = Letter–Word Identification; WA = Word Attack; CTOPP RLN = Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing, Rapid Letter Naming Scaled Score; WISC Vocab = Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Vocabulary Scaled Score; PPVT = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Third Edition, Standard Score; TOLD GC = Test of Language Development, Grammatic Comprehension, Scaled Score; Sent Comp = Sentence Comprehension Task, Items Correct.

p < .05.

^**

p < .01.

^***

p < .001.