Table 1.
Characteristics of expanded cells after freeze/thaw.
| Treg | Teff | |
|---|---|---|
| CD25hiCD127lo | CD25−CD127+ | |
| In-vitro expansion | Fold increase (range) | Fold increase (range) |
| GAD-alum | 896 (706–1389) | 117 (75–291) |
| Placebo | 800 (667–1039) | 80 (45–180) |
| Protein expression phenotype | % (range) | % (range) |
|---|---|---|
| CD4+ out of total CD3+ | 98·8 (92·3–99·3) | 97·9 (67·6–99·3) |
| CD25hiCD127lo out of total CD4+ | 94·5 (88·8–98·5) | 5·3 (2·7–32·3) |
| FoxP3+ out of total CD4+ | 81·4 (51·7–89·7) | 9·6 (4·9–16·2) |
| CTLA-4+ out of total CD4+ | 74·7 (30·7–96·5) | 14·4 (3·8–26·4) |
Expression of regulatory T cell (Treg) markers was measured by flow cytometry 24 h after thawing. Data are pooled from both placebo and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-alum-treated type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. CTLA-4: cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4; FoxP3: forkhead box protein 3; Teff: effector T cells.