Table 4.
Association between other hygiene-related exposures and: (a) FCD and (b) asthma among controls.
| Controls* | FCD cases* | Controls no asthma‡ | Controls asthma‡ | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 539 | n = 279 | n = 421 | n = 133 | |||||
| Hygiene-related exposures | n (%) | n (%) | adj OR† for FCD (95% CI) | P-value | n (%) | n (%) | adj OR§ for asthma (95% CI) | P-value |
| Rural residence at birth | ||||||||
| Major city | 236 (50·2) | 117 (48·6) | Ref | 185 (50·7) | 61 (53·0) | Ref | ||
| Inner regional | 150 (31·9) | 80 (33·2) | 0·90 (0·61–1·35) | 111 (30·4) | 38 (33·0) | 1·10 (0·68–1·79) | ||
| Outer regional/remote | 84 (17·9) | 44 (18·3) | 0·90 (0·55–1·48) | 0·60 | 69 (18·9) | 16 (14·0) | 0·60 (0·31–1·17) | 0·25 |
| Rural residence at interview | ||||||||
| Major city | 304 (57·0) | 148 (53·4) | Ref | 235 (56·4) | 78 (60·5) | Ref | ||
| Inner regional | 184 (34·5) | 100 (36·1) | 0·83 (0·51–1·35) | 145 (34·8) | 43 (33·3) | 0·83 (0·53–1·30) | ||
| Outer regional/remote | 45 (8·5) | 29 (10·5) | 0·87 (0·42–1·80) | 0·89 | 37 (8·9) | 8 (6·2) | 0·49 (0·20–1·22) | 0·12 |
| Breastfed | ||||||||
| No | 130 (24·1) | 72 (25·8) | Ref | 106 (25·2) | 32 (24·1) | Ref | ||
| Yes | 371 (68·8) | 186 (66·7) | 0·82 (0·57–1·19) | 0·30 | 287 (68·2) | 88 (66·2) | 0·99 (0·62–1·61) | 0·99 |
| Don't know | 38 (7·1) | 21 (7·5) | 28 (6·7) | 13 (9·8) | ||||
| Regular childcare < age 6 years | ||||||||
| No | 306 (59·4) | 140 (52·2) | Ref | 239 (59·2) | 73 (58·9) | Ref | ||
| <1 year | 70 (13·6) | 44 (16·4) | 1·52 (0·96–2·41) | 54 (13·4) | 18 (14·5) | 1·34 (0·73–2·46) | ||
| 1–<3 years | 86 (16·7) | 55 (20·5) | 1·57 (1·00–2·43) | 73 (18·1) | 16 (12·9) | 0·79 (0·42–1·48) | ||
| ≥3 years | 53 (10·3) | 29 (10·8) | 1·22 (0·71–2·08) | 0·11 | 38 (9·4) | 17 (13·7) | 1·78 (0·91–3·51) | 0·42 |
| Pet ownership < age 1 year | ||||||||
| No | 280 (52·0) | 131 (47·0) | Ref | 218 (51·8) | 74 (55·6) | Ref | ||
| Yes | 259 (48·0) | 148 (53·0) | 1·15 (0·85–1·54) | 0·37 | 203 (48·2) | 59 (44·4) | 0·88 (0·58–1·34) | 0·56 |
*
Matched FCD cases and controls with complete data.
†
Matched odds ratios adjusted (adjOR) for level of education and ever smoker.
‡
All interviewed controls with allergy data, including those not matched to a participating case.
§
OR adjusted for age, gender, level of education and ever smoker. FCD: a first clinical diagnosis of central nervous system demyelination; CI: confidence interval.