. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 Jan 24.

Published in final edited form as: J Agric Food Chem. 2012 Jul 24;60(30):7333–7340. doi: 10.1021/jf301241n

TABLE 3.

Applied mass (μg), total mass loss (μg), 10 liter mass loss (μg), and EMC (μg/L) for rainfall simulations utilizing formulated products. Mean result of two simultaneous replicates and (%RSD).

	Formulated Product Experiment (Intensity/Set Time)
Product A.I. and Formulation	Parameter	25/1d	25/7d	25/7d 2nd	50/1d	50/7d	50/7d 2nd
CONCRETE

Beta Cyfluthrin SC	Applied Mass	14,600 (1.6)	12,200 (0.2)	15,300 (1.6)	15,300 (3.6)	^a	^a
	Total Mass Loss	2,650 (28.9)	998 (0.9)	151 (43.9)	4,150 (3.2)
	Mass Loss at 10 L	2,590 (29.3)	977 (0.9)	140 (46.4)	3,970 (3.5)
	EMC	180 (28.7)	71.3 (1.5)	10.4 (45.3)	143 (1.1)

Esfenvalerate EC	Applied Mass	1,860 (4.8)	2,010 (2.6)	1,750 (3.5)	1,920 (0.2)	^a	^a
	Total Mass Loss	22.6 (0.5)	15.1 (12.2)	17.9 (45.8)	41.4 (3.9)
	Mass Loss at 10 L	18.0 (2.0)	13.4 (9.9)	14.8 (48.0)	22.6 (6.5)
	EMC	1.57 (2.0)	1.10 (6.3)	1.22 (46.0)	1.44 (4.4)

Lambda Cyhalothrin EC	Applied Mass	1,470 (0.1)	1,170 (1.6)	^b	1,410 (0.9)	^a	^a
	Total Mass Loss	35.7 (8.7)	2.83 (3.2)		26.2 (12.3)
	Mass Loss at 10 L	28.5 (8.3)	2.47 (4.8)		16.6 (12.0)
	EMC	2.47 (8.9)	0.214 (6.1)		0.897 (11.6)

SOIL

Beta Cyfluthrin SC	Applied Mass	12,500 (0)	^a	^a	12,500 (0)	12,500 (0)	12,500 (0)
	Total Mass Loss	247 (21.1)			195 (7.4)	107 (20.6)	97.8 (13.0)
	Mass Loss at 10 L	247 (21.1)			121 (20.3)	82.4 (21.8)	41.9 (12.9)
	EMC	24.2 (23.1)			9.2 (9.5)	6.0 (12.2)	3.9 (8.2)

Bifenthrin EC	Applied Mass	15,000 (0)	^a	^a	15,000 (0)	15,000 (0)	15,000 (0)
	Total Mass Loss	109 (19.0)			298 (0.5)	79.4 (19.8)	79.8 (12.1)
	Mass Loss at 10 L	109 (19.0)			212 (13.4)	59.4 (18.7)	35.1 (8.3)
	EMC	10.7 (20.4)			14.2 (2.5)	4.5 (11.3)	3.2 (17.2)

Beta Cyfluthrin G	Applied Mass	^a	^a	^a	6,250 (0)	6,250 (0)	6,250 (0)
	Total Mass Loss				5.50 (18.4)	2.36 (3.6)	1.36 (1.8)
	Mass Loss at 10 L				3.85 (12.2)	1.86 (1.5)	0.79 (0.4)
	EMC				0.24 (20.8)	0.126 (0.4)	0.059 (3.7)

Gamma Cyhalothrin G	Applied Mass	1,875 (0)	^a	^a	1,875 (0)	1,875 (0)	1,875 (0)
	Total Mass Loss	1.68 (34.5)			3.69 (35.2)	3.50 (8.9)	2.02 (22.8)
	Mass Loss at 10 L	1.68 (34.5)			2.98 (42.6)	2.90 (11.4)	1.56 (3.5)
	EMC	0.162 (38.3)			0.16 (36.9)	0.18 (6.1)	0.087 (20.7)

TURF

Beta Cyfluthrin SC	Applied Mass	^a	^a	^a	12,500 (0)	12,500 (0)	12,500 (0)
	Total Mass Loss				172 (38.5)	57.4 (22.6)	36.4 (21.7)
	Mass Loss at 10 L				137 (37.4)	55.8 (24.6)	30.0 (24.7)
	EMC				9.9 (31.3)	5.4 (27.8)	2.6 (26.9)

Bifenthrin EC	Applied Mass	^a	^a	^a	15,000 (0)	15,000 (0)	15,000 (0)
	Total Mass Loss				29.2 (9.9)	5.92 (78.5)	8.04 (15.2)
	Mass Loss at 10 L				24.3 (4.9)	5.2 (2.7)	7.9 (5.7)
	EMC				2.2 (13.2)	0.56 (6.8)	0.80 (9.8)

Beta Cyfluthrin G	Applied Mass	6,250 (0)	6,250 (0)	6,250 (0)	^a	^a	^a
	Total Mass Loss	1.53 (24.8)	0.75 (41.3)	0.82 (61.0)
	Mass Loss at 10 L	1.53 (24.8)	0.70 (27.1)	0.74 (50.0)
	EMC	0.163 (13.5)	0.067 (17.9)	0.060 (25.0)

Gamma Cyhalothrin G	Applied Mass	1,875 (0)	1,875 (0)	1,875 (0)	^a	^a	^a
	Total Mass Loss	0.53 (56.6)	0.24 (70.8)	0.22 (50.0)
	Mass Loss at 10 L	0.53 (56.6)	0.22 (54.5)	0.18 (30.0)
	EMC	0.056 (46.4)	0.021 (52.4)	0.016 (14.4)

RSD: relative standard deviation; EMC: event mean concentration (i.e., total mass loss/total runoff volume); SC: suspension concentrate; EC: emulsifiable concentrate; G: granule

Concrete data from Jorgenson and Young¹²

Fractional loss as percent of applied can be calculated by dividing total mass loss, or mass loss at 10L, by the applied mass, converted as a percentage.

experiment not conducted