Figure 1. Analysis of liver enzymes and immune responses following yellow fever vaccination of a kidney transplant patient (KTX).

The KTX patient was immunized with YFV–17D in preparation for international travel, despite contraindications due to ongoing immunosuppressive therapy. A Blood chemistries are shown in relation to the time of vaccination and IVIG administration. B YFV–specific neutralizing antibody titers and T-cell frequencies were determined for the KTX patient as well as eight healthy controls (median age=28 yrs, range=26–36 yrs, 63% female). Neutralizing titers were determined using a standard PRNT₅₀ measurement (6). Virus–specific CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell frequencies are based on T cells capable of producing both INF–γ and TNF–α after direct ex vivo stimulation with live purified YFV using previously described flow cytometry and intracellular cytokine staining methods (7).