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. 2013 Apr 24;2(2):e000114. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.113.000114

Table 4.

Characteristics in 1990 by Quartile (Q) of Plasma Magnesium in the Total Population

Plasma Magnesium
Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Range of magnesium, mg/dL ≤2.0 2.1 to 2.1 2.2 to 2.3 ≥2.4
n 164 125 405 222
Age, y 58 (7)* 59 (6) 59 (7) 60 (6)
Current smoker, % 24 23 27 23
History of comorbidities, %
Hypertension 42 47 34 33
Diabetes 16 10 9 3
Parental history of MI, % 17 13 18 17
BMI, kg/m2 26.9 (5.4) 26.4 (5.5) 25.7 (4.6) 25.2 (4.3)
Physical activity, h/week 3.4 (3.3) 3.6 (4.0) 3.6 (4.1) 4.1 (4.0)
eGFR, mL/min per 1.73 m2* 88 (20) 84 (21) 84 (18) 82 (18)
Cardiovascular biomarkers
LDL‐cholesterol, mg/dL 129 (38) 137 (40) 141 (36) 147 (40)
HDL‐cholesterol, mg/dL 55 (18) 57 (16) 56 (16) 57 (16)
C‐reactive protein, mg/dL 0.49 (0.62) 0.39 (0.54) 0.41 (0.76) 0.28 (0.37)
HbA1C, % 5.8 (1.2) 5.7 (1.1) 5.7 (1.0) 5.5 (0.7)
Adiponectin, mg/L 8264 (4117) 8595 (4535) 8631 (3577) 9217 (4088)
Nutrients*
Magnesium, mg/day 304 (77) 304 (61) 306 (72) 310 (80)
Potassium, mg/day 2904 (536) 2912 (451) 2889 (475) 2924 (518)
Calcium, mg/day 1033 (484) 1033 (514) 1072 (531) 1050 (574)
Alcohol, g/day 5.3 (8.8) 4.0 (6.9) 5.5 (9.7) 5.2 (9.3)
Current use of thiazide diuretics, % 25 23 14 16
Current use of postmenopausal hormones, % 49 43 32 35

MI indicates myocardial infarction; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; HDL, high‐density lipoprotein; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; SD, standard deviation.

*

Mean (SD).

*

Estimated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group equation.

*

All nutrients except alcohol were energy adjusted.