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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2014 May 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Immunol. 2013 Apr 12;190(10):5216–5225. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300097

Figure 4. Mouse, but not human, STING signals in response to DMXAA and c-di nucleotides.

Figure 4

(A)PBMC from two volunteers were stimulated with DMXAA (10μg/ml), c-di-AMP (5μM) or poly (dA-dT) (4μg/ml) for 6 hours and IFN-β mRNA levels measured by quantitative PCR. * indicates p <0.05 for the comparison of each ligand relative to medium control. (B) RNA isolated from PBMCs stimulated as in A for 4 and 6 hours was subject to Nanostring analysis to monitor expression of 30 innate immune genes. (C–D) 293T cells were transfected with empty vector, pEF-BOS hSTING-Flag-His, or pEF-BOS mSTING-Flag-His, followed by stimulation with either DMXAA or c-di-GMP or with increasing concentrations of DMXAA (D). IFN-β luciferase (C) ISG54-ISRE luciferase, and NF-κB luciferase (D) activities were measured. * indicates p <0.05 for the comparison of DMXAA or c-d-GMP relative to vector control. (E) 293T cells were transfected as above and stimulated with DMXAA and cyclic-di-GMP. Endogenous TBK1 was immunoprecipitated and analyzed as in Figure 1. Data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m of one experiment representative of three experiments (A). (B–E) data is representative of three separate experiments.