(1) |
American Thyroid Association guidelines for detection of thyroid dysfunction [61] |
Patients with diabetes may require more frequent testing |
Recommends TSH from 35 yrs, and every 5 yrs thereafter in all adults; high risk persons may require more frequent tests Diabetes mentioned as high-risk but does not distinguish between T1DM and T2DM |
|
(2) |
American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists, Thyroid disease clinical Practice guidelines, 2002 [62] |
Thyroid palpation and TSH at diagnosis and at regular intervals, especially if goitre or other autoimmune disease presents |
No specific recommendation for T2DM |
|
(3) |
British Thyroid Association and Association of Clinical Biochemistry Guidelines, 2006 [63] |
TFT at baseline but routine annual TFT is not recommended |
TSH and antibodies are recommended in diabetic patients in pregnancy and postpartum |