Fig 3.

EMC-S does not employ previously described coronavirus receptors for entry into target cells. 293T cells were transiently transfected with empty plasmid (pCAGGS) or plasmids expressing the indicated coronavirus receptors. The cells were then transduced with infectivity-normalized pseudotypes bearing VSV-G, SARS-S, 229E-S, MHV-S, or EMC-S. Luciferase activities in cell lysates were determined at 72 h postinfection. Similar results were obtained in an independent experiment. Transduction of cells transfected with receptor-encoding plasmids is shown as fold enhancement relative to transduction of cells transfected with empty plasmid, which was set as 1.