Table 1.
Examples of epigenetic alterations (epimutations) of DNA repair genes in colon cancers and in their field defects, with CpG island methylation indicated where known
| Reference | Epimutations in genes found in colon cancer (mechanism) | Percentage of the sporadic cancers with that epimutation | Epimutations in genes in field defect (mechanism) | Percentage of the field defect with that epimutation |
| Agrelo et al[31] | WRN (CGI) | 38% | ||
| Shen et al[32] | MGMT (CGI) | 46% | MGMT (CGI) | 23% |
| Psofaki et al[33] | MGMT (CGI) | 90% | ||
| Psofaki et al[33] | MLH1 (CGI) | 65% | ||
| Truninger et al[29] | MLH1 (CGI) | 96% | ||
| Lee et al[34] | MLH1 (CGI) | 2% | ||
| Lee et al[34] | MSH2 (CGI) | 13% | MSH2 (CGI) | 5% |
| Lee et al[34] | MGMT (CGI) | 47% | MGMT (CGI) | 11% |
| Facista et al[35] | ERCC1 | 100% | ERCC1 | 60% |
| Facista et al[35] | PMS2 | 88% | PMS2 | 50% |
| Facista et al[35] | XPF | 55% | XPF | 40% |
CGI: CpG island methylation.