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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 May 9.
Published in final edited form as: J Adolesc Health. 2011 May 26;49(2):115–123. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.02.005

Table 2.

Descriptive statistics and study characteristics for studies that examined depression among heterosexual and sexual minority youth.

Study Average Cohen's d Cohen's d Confidence Interval Number of ES estimates Total Sample Size Gender Depression Variable Type Recency of Depression Measure S/O Def'n Comments
1 Barney (2002) [26] .67 .38-.95 1 5602 M Single Item Lifetime 4 1,11
2 Caldwell (1998) [17] .40 .26-.53 3 2756 C,M,F Single Item Lifetime 2 5,11
3 Cochran (2002) [35] .22 -.08-.52 1 168 C Scale Recent 4 4,11
4 Consolacion (2004) [27] .26 .18-.35 5 132052 C,M,F Scale Recent 2 2,3,5,9,11
5 Galliher (2004) [36] .34 .06-.62 12 76132 M,F Scale Recent 2 2,3,9,11
6 Noell (2001) [31] .20 -.07-.48 4 532 M,F Diagnosis Both 1 5,11
7 Russell (2001) [14] .21 .14-.28 2 119402 M,F Scale Recent 4 3,11
8 Safren (1999) [22] .47 .08-.86 1 104 C Scale Recent 1 11
9 Udry (2002) [20] .39 .19-.59 4 18799 M,F Single Item Recent 3 3,11
10 van Griensven (2004) [37] .17 .01-.32 2 1725 M,F Scale Recent 4 6,11
11 Williams (2005) [38] .55 .19-.59 1 194 C Scale Recent 1 6,8,11
Average .311 .23-.381 3.3 5694
Total N2 29880

Notes.

1

Overall weighted average from random effects model

2

Study sample sizes indicated were deleted from the calculation of the Total N due to overlap.

ES=Effect Size; S/O=Sexual Orientation; Gender of participants in included effect sizes: M=Male, F=Female, C=Combined in original study; S/O Definition: 0=Unknown, 1=Identity, 2=Attraction, 3=Behavior, 4=2 or more; Comments: 1=Excluded Bisexuals; 2=Controlled for covariates; 3=Public data set; 4=Non-school-based sample; 5=Excluded some effect size estimates in meta-analysis due to within-study redundancy; 6=International sample; 7=Examined longitudinal patterns of depression outcomes; 8=Examined mediators of the association between sexual orientation and the outcomes; 9=Examined moderators of the association between sexual orientation and the outcomes; 10=Effect sizes were calculated and published in original study; 11=Effect sizes were calculated using summary statistics for each subgroup provided by the original study (e.g., average scores for each group or prevalence rates for each group).