Figure 4.

Effect of NGACP on the activation of transcription factors and their upstream signaling events. (a) The levels of transcription factors (p65, c-Jun, and c-Fos) in the nuclear fraction were determined using Western blot analysis of antibodies against total protein. ((b), (c), and (d)) Phosphoprotein or total protein levels of ERK, p38, JNK, MKK3/6, MKP-1, and β-actin from cell lysates were determined using Western blot analysis of phospho-specific or total protein antibodies. (e) The molecular complex formation between MKK3 and p38 or p-p38 was evaluated by immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting analysis.