Table 7.
Protective and adverse components of fruits and vegetables linked to health outcomes
| Protective | Adverse |
| Dietary fiber | Aflatoxin |
| Vitamin C | Pesticides |
| Vitamin E | Herbicides |
| Carotenoids | Nitrates |
| Flavonoids | Alar |
| Folic acid | Goitrogens |
| Selenium | Enzyme inhibitors |
| Dithiolthiones | Phenolic compounds |
| Glucosinolates | Saponins |
| Indoles | Inositol hexapyhosphate |
| Isothiocyanates | |
| Coumarins | |
| Phenols | |
| Protease inhibitors | |
| Plant sterols | |
| Isoflavones/lignans | |
| Saponins | |
| Inositol hexaphosphate | |
| Allium compounds | |
| Limonene |