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. 2013 Feb 5;5(1):e5. doi: 10.4081/pr.2013.e5

Table 1. Type of congenital malformations observed in patients (n=74).

System type Malformations N. %
Musculoskeletal (n=14, 19%)
  Major Osteogenesis imperfecta 1 1.03
Spina bifida 1 1.03
  Minor Talipes 6 8.01
Polydactyly 2 2.07
Syndactyly 2 2.07
Congenital hip dysplasia 2 2.07
Central nervous (n=15, 20.03%)
  Major Hydrocephalus 6 8.01
Meningomyelocele 4 5.04
Encephalocele 2 2.07
Microcephaly 2 2.07
Anencephaly 1 1.04
Gastrointestinal (n=12, 16.02%)
  Major Tracheo-esophageal fistula 1 1.04
Diaphragmatic hernia 1 1.04
Duodenal atresia 1 1.04
  Minor Hare lip 4 5.04
Cleft palate 2 2.07
Imperforate anus 1 1.04
Inguinal hernia 2 2.07
Genitourinary (n=10, 13.05%)
  Major Amibigious genitalia 1 1.04
Hydronephrosis and ureterocele 2 2.07
  Minor Hypospadius 3 4.01
Hydrocele 2 2.07
Undesended testis 2 2.07
Craniofacial (n=8, 10.08%)
  Major Anophthalmia 2 2.07
Microphthalmia 1 1.04
  Minor Ectropion 1 1.04
Hemangioma 2 2.07
Laryngeal web 1 1.04
Ranula 1 1.04
Cardiovascular (n=7, 9.05%)
  Major Patent ductus arteriosus 2 2.07
Atrial septal defect 2 2.07
Ventricular septal defect 1 1.04
Tetralogy of Fallots 1 1.04
  Minor Single umbilical artery 1 1.04
Miscellaneous/syndromes (n=8, 10.08%)
Gastroschisis 1 1.00
Collodion baby 1 1.00
Exomphalos 1 1.00
Down 3 4.01
Edward 1 1.04
Turner 1 1.04