Table 3.
Multivariable model of characteristics associated with receiving PSA tests prior to diagnosis and with initial treatments in 180 days, SEER-Medicare database. (n=22,047)
| Outcome | ||
|---|---|---|
| For PSA tests* | For Treatments** | |
| Characteristics | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI) |
| No. of PSA tests | ||
| 1 vs None | - | 2.83 (2.48, 3.24) |
| 2 vs None | - | 3.07 (2.67, 3.52) |
| 3 vs None | - | 3.21 (2.79, 3.69) |
| 4 vs None | - | 3.57 (3.14, 4.05) |
| Age | ||
| 70–74 vs 85+ | 1.73 (1.58, 1.89) | 3.52 (3.14, 3.94) |
| 75–79 vs 85+ | 1.77 (1.62, 1.94) | 2.23 (1.99, 2.49) |
| 80–84 vs 85+ | 1.54 (1.40, 1.70) | 1.38 (1.23, 1.54) |
| Race | ||
| Black vs White | 0.68 (0.63, 0.75) | 0.79 (0.71, 0.89) |
| Others vs White | 0.93 (0.85, 1.02) | 0.78 (0.70, 0.87) |
| Region | ||
| North Central vs West | 1.23 (1.14, 1.33) | 1.18 (1.07, 1.30) |
| Northeast vs West | 0.93 (0.87, 1.00) | 1.53 (1.40, 1.67) |
| South vs West | 0.85 (0.79, 0.92) | 1.13 (1.03, 1.24) |
| Lived in ZIP code tabulation area in which 25% or more of adults had a college education | ||
| Yes vs No | 1.40 (1.31, 1.49) | 1.01 (0.93, 1.09) |
| Median annual income of ZIP code tabulation area┼ | ||
| High vs Low | 1.26 (1.16, 1.36) | 1.07 (0.97, 1.19) |
| Mid vs Low | 1.13 (1.05, 1.21) | 1.06 (0.97, 1.16) |
| Marrital Status | ||
| Yes vs no | 1.27 (1.21, 1.34) | 1.62 (1.52, 1.73) |
| Charlson score | ||
| 1 (Average) vs 0 (Good) | 1.14 (1.06, 1.23) | 0.97 (0.88, 1.06) |
| >=2 (Poor) vs 0 (Good) | 0.84 (0.76, 0.95) | 0.89 (0.78, 1.03) |
| No. of physician visits one year before Cancer diagnosis ‡ | ||
| 2nd Quartile vs 1st Quartile | 2.70 (2.52, 2.89) | 1.15 (1.05, 1.26) |
| 3rd Quartile vs 1st Quartile | 3.54 (3.30, 3.79) | 1.13 (1.03, 1.25) |
| 4th Quartile vs 1st Quartile | 3.97 (3.69, 4.27) | 1.10 (1.00, 1.20) |
| Risk Group | ||
| Low vs High | - | 0.34 (0.31, 0.37) |
| Intermediate vs High | - | 0.72 (0.66, 0.78) |
Treatments include radical prostatectomy, radiation therapy and primary androgen deprivation therapy.
Modeling the risk of receiving PSA tests adjusted for all variables in the table, except Number of PSA tests and Risk Group.
Modeling the risk of receiving treatments adjusted for all variables in the table.
Median annual income of ZIP code tabulation area was categorized into High: >=$50,000; Middle: >=35,000; <50,000, Low: <35,000.
Number of physician visits one year before cancer diagnosis was grouped by quartiles: 1st: 0 to 7 times; 2nd: 7 to 13; 3rd: 13 to 23; 4th: 23 and above.