Table 3. Reported intraoperative complications.
| (%)=Column percentage | With a PPV (N=8257) | No PPV (N=3361) | Total (N=11 618) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of operations with no complications | 7617 (92.2%) | 3320 (98.8%) | 10 937 (94.1%) |
| Number of operations with complications | 640 (7.8%) | 41 (1.2%) | 681 (5.9%) |
| Reported operative complications | |||
| Iatrogenic tear | 263 (3.2) | 1 (<0.1) | 264 (2.3) |
| Lens touch | 73 (0.9)a | 1 (<0.1) | 74 (0.6) |
| Iatrogenic retinal trauma | 57 (0.7) | 1 (<0.1) | 58 (0.5) |
| Posterior capsule rupture—no vitreous lossb | 43 (0.5) | 1 (<0.1) | 44 (0.4) |
| Other | 35 (0.4) | 15 (0.4) | 50 (0.4) |
| Choroidal/suprachoroidal haemorrhage | 33 (0.4) | 1 (<0.1) | 34 (0.3) |
| Posterior capsule rupture—vitreous lossb | 34 (0.4) | 2 (<0.1) | 36 (0.3) |
| Nuclear/epinuclear fragment into vitreousb | 31 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 31 (0.3) |
| Conjunctival buttonhole | 22 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 22 (0.2) |
| Infusion cannula in subretinal/suprachoroidal space | 21 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 21 (0.2) |
| Retinal haemorrhage | 19 (0.2) | 1 (<0.1) | 20 (0.2) |
| Zonule dialysisb | 14 (0.2) | 1 (<0.1) | 15 (0.1) |
| Corneal epithelial abrasion | 12 (0.1) | 3 (<0.1) | 15 (0.1) |
| Subretinal haemorrhage | 11 (0.1) | 3 (<0.) | 14 (0.1) |
| Iris trauma | 8 (<0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (<0.1) |
| Corneal oedema | 7 (<0.1) | 3 (<0.1) | 10 (<0.1) |
| Zonule rupture—no vitreous lossb | 5 (<0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (<0.1) |
| Hyphaema | 4 (<0.1) | 1 (<0.1) | 5 (<0.1) |
| Retinal incarceration | 3 (<0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (<0.1) |
| Vitreous haemorrhage | 2 (<0.1) | 2 (<0.1) | 4 (<0.1) |
| Inadvertent subretinal fluid drain | 1 (<0.1) | 6 (0.2) | 7 (<0.1) |
| Lens exchange required/other intraocular lens problemsb | 3 (<0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (<0.1) |
| Subretinal heavy liquid | 1 (<0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (<0.1) |
| Subretinal silicone oil | 1 (<0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (<0.1) |
| Suprachoroidal silicone oil | 1 (<0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (<0.1) |
| Variable burn intensity | 0 (0.0) | 1 (<0.1) | 1 (<0.1) |
| Total reported operative complicationsc | 704 | 43 | 747 |
The value shown is the percentage of all eyes undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), despite the fact that lens touch would not occur in a pseudophakic eye. Of the 6986 eyes undergoing primary PPV, 668 had previously had cataract surgery and were therefore known to be pseudophakic, 1897 had combined PPV and cataract surgery and were therefore phakic at the time of their primary PPV, and 1238 subsequently had cataract surgery and were therefore also known to be phakic during their primary PPV. In 3183 eyes, the lens status was not known and in these eyes there were 24 cases of lens touch. With this information it is possible to estimate the range of possible lens touch rate. If all of the eyes with unknown lens status were phakic then the lens touch rate in phakic eyes undergoing primary PPV would be 1.2% (73/[1897+1238+3183]). If all the eyes with unknown lens status were pseudophakic, and therefore excluded from the analysis of phakic lens touch, then there were 49 cases of lens touch remaining in the group available for analysis, and the rate of lens touch would be 1.6% (49/[1897+1238]). The highest rate would occur if there were only 24 phakic eyes in the 3183 eyes with unknown lens status and all had a lens touch. In this unlikely situation the lens touch rate would be 2.3% (73/[1,897+1,238+24]). Therefore, the rate of recorded lens touch is likely to range between 1.2 and 1.6%, but theoretically could be up to 2.3%.
Cataract surgery-related complications occurring in eyes with combined vitreoretinal and cataract surgery.
More than one intraoperative complication could be reported for each operation, and therefore the sum of the individual complication percentages exceeds the percentage of operations with a complication.